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"Art is a lie that helps us understand the truth." - Picasso.

"I think that art is really disciplined phantasy." - Karen Blixen / Isak Dinesen.

"We have art so that we shall not be destroyed by the truth." - Friedrich Nietzsche.

"A work of Art is the unique result of a unique temperament." - Oscar Wilde.

"The true work of art is but a shadow of the divine perfection." - Michelangelo.

"Love of beauty is Taste. The creation of beauty is Art." - Ralph Waldo Emerson.

"There's no retirement for an artist, it's your way of living so there's no end to it." - Henry Moore.

"I love the gallery, the arena of representation. It's a commercial world, and morality is based generally around economics, and that's taking place in the art gallery." - Jeff Koons.

ART is the process or product of deliberately arranging elements in a way that appeals to the senses or emotions. It encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression, including music, literature, film, sculpture, and paintings. The meaning of art is explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics.

The definition and evaluation of art has become especially problematic since the early 20th century. Richard Wollheim distinguishes three approaches: the Realist, whereby aesthetic quality is an absolute value independent of any human view; the Objectivist, whereby it is also an absolute value, but is dependent on general human experience; and the Relativist position, whereby it is not an absolute value, but depends on, and varies with, the human experience of different humans. An object may be characterized by the intentions, or lack thereof, of its creator, regardless of its apparent purpose. A cup, which ostensibly can be used as a container, may be considered art if intended solely as an ornament, while a painting may be deemed craft if mass-produced.

Traditionally, the term art was used to refer to any skill or mastery. This conception changed during the Romantic period, when art came to be seen as "a special faculty of the human mind to be classified with religion and science". Generally, art is made with the intention of stimulating thoughts and emotions.

The nature of art has been described by Richard Wollheim as "one of the most elusive of the traditional problems of human culture". It has been defined as a vehicle for the expression or communication of emotions and ideas.

• $1B feud involving Leonardo's 'Salvator Mundi' reveals dark side of the art world - "It is the biggest legal fight the art world has ever witnessed: a Russian oligarch, who claims he was ripped off buying multi-million-dollar masterpieces, versus a Swiss art dealer who says it was just business."
• $5 Million Reward - "FBI and Gardner Museum Seeking Recovery of Stolen Art."
• 5 things you probably didn’t know about the biggest art heist in history - "Most art galleries and museums are famous for the art they contain. London’s National Gallery has Van Gogh’s 'Sunflowers'; 'The Starry Night' meanwhile, is held at The Museum of Modern Art in New York, in good company alongside Salvador Dalì’s melting clocks, Andy Warhol’s soup cans and Frida Kahlo’s self-portrait. The Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston, however, is now more famous for the artwork that is not there, or at least, that is no longer there."
• 9-Figure Club - work of art sold at auction or private sale for US$100,000,000+.
• 10 best love paintings - The Guardian.
• 10 most famous paintings in the world - "As 'famous' is a subjective term, CNN Style turned to Google to see which paintings topped search results worldwide over the past five years."
• 10 of the best European cities for art nouveau - The Guardian.
• 15 richest living artists - Complex | Art+Design.
• 16 stolen paintings that have never been found - SFGate.
• 2012 Munich artworks discovery - in March 2012, 121 framed and 1,258 unframed artworks were seized by the District Prosecutor of Augsburg from an apartment in Schwabing, Munich. The artworks, suspected of being looted by the Nazis around World War II, were discovered in the possession of Cornelius Gurlitt.
• 2015 Tefaf Art Market Report Key Findings - ARTNews.
• 2017 Top 200 Collectors - ARTNews.
• $120,000 Banana Is Peeled From an Art Exhibition and Eaten - "As people watched, a prankster removed the banana, which was taped to a wall at Art Basel in Miami Beach."
• A Nazi Legacy Hidden in German Museums - Spiegel Online.
• Adobe Fresco brings the joy of painting to the iPad - "Oil paints and watercolors are more realistic than ever."
• Ai Weiwei & Warhol, Together Again - The New York Times.
• An App That Pushes Aside the Art World Curtain - The New York Times.
• Andy Warhol: Campbell’s Soup Cans - Andy Warhol’s Soup Cans have become synonymous with the Pop art movement, and are responsible for propelling Warhol into a celebrated career in fine art from his day job as a comic illustrator. The motif made its debut in 1962 when Warhol mounted his first solo show featuring 32 canvases painted with Campbell’s Soup Cans - one for each flavor the company sold at the time.
• Andy Warhol’s Vintage Rolls-Royce Finds New Owner - "A luxury Rolls Silver Shadow, 1974, once belonging to famous artist Andy Warhol was bought by Wilkes-Barre art collector Ken Marquis in 1990, after the artist’s death in 1987. Last year, Marquis sold it to a Los Angeles businessman who is also a Warhol fan and his avid collector. The vintage car has reached Hollywood and is being used for a traveling exhibition of the artist’s work."
• Angelina Jolie sells Winston Churchill painting for record £7m - "The sale price was almost four times the top pre-sale estimate and beat the previous record for a Churchill painting, which was just under £1.8m. The Tower Of The Koutoubia Mosque, painted in Marrakesh during World War Two, was sold to an anonymous buyer."
• ARCA – Association for Research into Crimes against Art - since 2008. Research and outreach organization which works to promote the study and research of art crime and cultural heritage protection.
• Are You Smarter Than a Billionaire? - The New York Times.
• ARS | ARTISTS RIGHTS SOCIETY (US) - the preeminent copyright, licensing, and monitoring organization for visual artists in the United States.
• Art Basel & UBS Global Art Market Report 2017 - "Art Basel and UBS present The Art Market, an annual global art market analysis. The Art Market covers all aspects of the international market and highlights the most important developments in the previous year."
• Art explained: How do art auctions really work? - "This is what really happens at auctions".
• ART GRAILS$ - since 2021. "ArtGrails is a highly anticipated standalone NFT (Non-Fungible Tokens) Platform founded by Celebrity Art Dealer and Manager, Avery Andon, in partnership with his brother / longtime client, Street Artist Alec Monopoly and veteran web developer Seth Lowell. Each release on ArtGrails is curated, with a focus on unique and iconic NFT 'grails'."
• ART LOSS REGISTER | ALR - evolving, computerized international database which captures information about lost and stolen art, antiques and collectables.
• ART OF EUROPE - art prints, poetry, cine, stuff.
• ART PROJECT - Powered by Google. Online compilation of high-resolution images of artworks from galleries worldwide, as well as a virtual tour of the galleries in which they are housed.
• Art Quiz: Are You Smarter Than a Billionaire? - The New York Times.
• ART THEFT - Wikipedia.
• Artificial Intelligence as a Bridge for Art & Reality - The New York Times.
• Artive - "For the protection and preservation of the world's cultural heritage through the use of technology." Artive manages the world’s most technologically advanced database with integrated image recognition database and over 500 fields of searchable data.
• Arts & Culture - Google’s New App Brings Hundreds of Museums to Your Phone.
• Artspace - since 2011. "Contemporary Art for Sale Online." Artspace is the digital marketplace for fine art and design. Learn about and buy artworks from the best artists, galleries and museums around the world. It is our mission to make it easy for you to discover and collect fine art from renowned artists, galleries, and cultural institutions worldwide.
• ARTSY - since 2012. "Artsy is used by art lovers and collectors to discover, learn about, and buy art. Our growing database of 1,000,000+ works of art and design by 100,000+ artists spans historical, modern, and contemporary works, and includes the largest online selection of contemporary art. Artsy provides buyers with access to top works from the world’s leading galleries, museums, art fairs, and auctions, all in one place."
• ASK ART - "The Artists' Bluebook". Online database containing over 200,000 artists. Instant information. Art. Artists. Prices.
• Banksy has opened a shop, of sorts, in London - "A new Banksy installation has appeared in Croydon, South London, featuring the stab-proof vest worn by British grime superstar Stormzy during his headline set at the Glastonbury festival in July."
• Banksy unmasked? Scientists use maths & criminology to map artist's identity - The Guardian.
• Buying Art Doesn’t Have to Be Intimidating: Yes, There’s an App - The New York Times.
• Catalogue raisonnÉ - comprehensive, annotated listing of all the known artworks by an artist either in a particular medium or all media. The works are described in such a way that they may be reliably identified by third parties.
• Central Registry of Information on Looted Cultural Property 1933-1945 - The Central Registry fulfils Washington Principle V1 on the setting up of a central repository of information on Nazi looting and contemporary efforts to research and resolve all outstanding issues. It is a charitable body operating under the auspices of the Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies, an independent unit of the University of Oxford.
• Christie’s auctions 'first digital-only artwork' for $70m - "Digital collage by Beeple was offered with a non-fungible token to guarantee authenticity and paid for in cryptocurrency."
• COMMISSION FOR LOOTED ART IN EUROPE - founded in 1999. An international, expert and non-profit representative body which researches, identifies and recovers looted property on behalf of families, communities, institutions and governments worldwide.
• Culture and jihad, grimly connected through the art market's “blood antiquities” - The Economist.
• David Hockney among friends: a triumphant return to portraiture - The Guardian.
• David Hockney interview: 'Your face belongs to other people' - The Telegraph.
• Decoupage - the art of decorating an object by gluing colored paper cutouts onto it in combination with special paint effects, gold leaf and other decorative elements.
• deviantArt | dA - "The world's largest online art community." The largest online social network for artists and art enthusiasts with over 26 million registered members, attracting 65 million unique visitors per month. As a community destination, deviantART is a platform that allows emerging and established artists to exhibit, promote, and share their works within a peer community dedicated to the arts.
• Driven to Abstraction: the inside story of a $60m art forgery hoax - "For 15 years, one of New York’s most prestigious art galleries, Knoedler & Company, sold forged paintings - a new film explores how the art world fell for it."
• Droste effect - the effect of a picture appearing within itself, in a place where a similar picture would realistically be expected to appear.
• Dutch gallery removes racist artwork titles - The Telegraph.
• ERR | EINSATZSTAB REICHSLEITER ROSENBERG PROJECT - the database documents the plundered art objects that came into the hands of the ERR | Einstatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg in German-occupied France and Belgium which were processed through the Jeu de Paume between late 1940 and August 1944.
• Essential Vermeer - since 2001. "The Essential Vermeer intends to inform, to inspire and to widen the appreciation of Vermeer’s art while stimulating the circulation of new points of view and promoting a more coordinated approach to Vermeer studies in scholarly circles."
• EUROPEAN FINE ART FOUNDATION
• EUROPEANA - since 2008. "Think Culture." Currently provides access to over 50 million objects from European libraries, museums, archives, galleries, and audiovisual collections. More than 3,500 heritage institutions contribute cultural content in Europeana. Their number and geographic coverage are steadily growing.
• FBI | Federal Bureau of Investigation - Art Theft.
• France & Netherlands to jointly buy rare Rembrandts - The Guardian.
• Gallery Hopes to Sell Kanye West’s ‘Famous’ Sculpture for US$4 Million - The New York Times.
• Getty Search Gateway - allows users to search across several of the Getty repositories, including collections databases, library catalogs, collection inventories, and archival finding aids.
• GOOGLE ART PROJECT - "Powered by Google". Online compilation of high-resolution images of artworks from galleries worldwide, as well as a virtual tour of the galleries in which they are housed.
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• Grid | Frame Studio - since 2020. "Every Classic Deserves To Be Framed." In this digital technology era today, some digital products will be brought back your memories. Although it symbolized the wisdom of great person and delegate the revolution of technologies, they are getting quiet and disappearing gradually. We select the precious collection of marvellous article, unfold and restore in a collage frame, turn them into a tale of smart phone generation with value of art, the best choice for your collection permanently.
• Han van Meegeren - (1889-1947). Dutch painter and portraitist and is considered to be one of the most ingenious art forgers of the 20th century.
• Handmade oil paintings reproductions, Museum quality oil painting reproductions - "Oil painting on canvas art, Everything we sell is 100% hand painted. We use only the finest oil paintings and best quality flax canvas."
• Henry Geldzahler - (1935-1994). Was a curator of contemporary art in the late 20th century, as well as a modern art art historian and art critic. He is best known for his work at the Metropolitan Museum of Art and as New York City Commissioner of Cultural Affairs, and for his social role in the art world with a close relationship with contemporary artists.
• Hidden portrait 'found under Mona Lisa', says French scientist - BBC.
• history of breasts in art - "From lactating Madonnas to disembodied orbs, a new exhibition surveys the depictions of breasts and asks - what about the women who own them?"
• Horny, hairy & horrifying: the scariest monsters in art - The Guardian.
• How a designer used AI & Photoshop to bring ancient Roman emperors back to life - "Transforming statues into photorealistic faces with AI."
• How a prolific forger fooled the art world - "The prolific forger whose fake 'Old Masters' fooled the art world. Eric Hebborn, who died in 1996, is widely considered to be the greatest art forger of modern times. By his own estimate, he created over 1,000 forgeries."
• how ancient cave art puts us in our place - "In our self-obsessed age, the anonymous, mysterious cave art of our ancient ancestors is exhilarating."
• how disaster sparked Napier's art deco renaissance - rebuilding a city in the midst of the Great Depression seemed impossible. But through artistry and enterprise, Napier became home to the highest concentration of art deco buildings in the world.
• How loneliness & creativity can work together - "Artists and writers have long been drawn to solitude - but why is that, and what can we learn from them?"
• How offshore firm helped billionaire change the art world for ever - The Guardian.
• How we made the Wrapped Reichstag - Christo: ‘It took 24 years and we had to negotiate with six different presidents. Then it only stayed up for two weeks’
• IARTBROKER - "iartbroker is an exciting way of doing business online for the art market. The aim of the site is simply to match buyers and sellers by using sophisticated software, technology and the power of the world wide web."
• ID-Art mobile app - Interpol - "Our first-ever app, called ID-Art, uses cutting-edge image-recognition software to help identify stolen cultural property, reduce illicit trafficking, and increase the chances of recovering stolen items."
• Indiegogo - "The World's Funding Platform." Since 2008. International crowdfunding site where anyone can raise money for film, music, art, charity, small businesses, gaming, theater, and more.
• Inside the private collection of a Rothschild heir - "History's riches: Inside the private collection of a Rothschild heir."
• INTERNATIONAL FOUNDATION FOR ART RESEARCH | IFAR - non-profit organization which was established to channel and coordinate scholarly and technical information about works of art.
• Italians laughed at Leonardo da Vinci, the ginger genius - "New book reveals how the artist was lampooned in a 15th-century ‘comic strip’."
• Jewish Heirs Take On an Art Foundation That Rights Nazi Wrongs - The New York Times.
• Kanye West's Famous video: is it art? - The Guardian.
• Kenneth Clark - (1903-1983). British author, museum director, broadcaster, and one of the best-known art historians and aesthetes of his generation, writing a series of books that appealed to a wide public while remaining a serious scholar. In 1969, he achieved international fame as the writer, producer and presenter of the BBC Television series Civilisation, which pioneered television documentary series combining expert personalized narration with lavish photography on location.
• Kenneth Clark: a civilised man? - "Art historian Kenneth Clark moved in the highest social and cultural circles of Britain's postwar years. And yet it is his landmark 1969 series on western art, Civilisation, he is best known for. What made this chilly patrician so keen to communicate with the masses?"
• Leonardo da Vinci five centuries on: Louvre in Paris opens long-awaited exhibition - "It took more than a decade to prepare and was almost thwarted by a diplomatic row. Now, one of the world's most expensive art exhibitions - to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Leonardo da Vinci's death - is finally opening to the public."
• Leonardo da Vinci paintings analysed for DNA to solve grave mystery - The Telegraph.
• Leonardo Da Vinci's living relatives found: painter, engineer, Oscar nominee - The Guardian.
• Line of beauty - a term and a theory in art or aesthetics used to describe an S-shaped curved line (a serpentine line) appearing within an object, as the boundary line of an object, or as a virtual boundary line formed by the composition of several objects. According to this theory, S-shaped curved lines signify liveliness and activity and excite the attention of the viewer as contrasted with straight lines, parallel lines, or right-angled intersecting lines, which signify stasis, death, or inanimate objects.
• List of most expensive paintings - Wikipedia.
• List of stolen paintings - Wikipedia.
• Looking at Edvard Munch, Beyond ‘The Scream’ - The New York Times.
• Looking at van Gogh, 125 Years Later - The New York Times.
• lootedart.com - Central Registry of Information on Looted Cultural Property 1933-1945.
• Lost Art Internet Database - since 1994. Run by the Koordinierungsstelle Magdeburg, Germany’s central office for the documentation of lost cultural property and registers cultural objects which as a result of persecution under the Nazi dictatorship and the Second World War were relocated, moved or seized, especially from Jewish owners.
• Lost, stolen, blown up & fed to pigs: the greatest missing masterpieces - The Guardian.
• Louvre's missing pyramid & the magic of trompe l’oeil - The Guardian.
• Luxury Investments Around the World Compared - infographic - "Do you enjoy the finer things in life? For many of the world’s wealthy individuals, acquiring luxury goods such as art, fine wine, and watches is a passion. Unlike traditional investments in financial assets, luxury goods can be difficult to value if one does not have an appreciation for their form. A rare painting, for example, does not generate cash flows, meaning its value is truly in the eye of the beholder. To gain some insight into the market for luxury goods, this infographic takes data from Knight Frank’s 2021 Wealth Report to compare the preferences of nine global regions."
• Magnus - "Your access to the art world." Take a photo of an artwork and instantly know the artist, title and price. Get the app. It’s free!
• Mannerism - style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, lasting until about 1580 in Italy. Stylistically, Mannerism encompasses a variety of approaches influenced by, and reacting to, the harmonious ideals associated with artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and early Michelangelo. Where High Renaissance art emphasizes proportion, balance, and ideal beauty, Mannerism exaggerates such qualities, often resulting in compositions that are asymmetrical or unnaturally elegant.
• Marie-Laure de Noailles - (1902-1970). Was one of the 20th century's most daring and influential patrons of the arts, noted for her associations with Salvador Dalí, Balthus, Jean Cocteau, Ned Rorem, Man Ray, Luis Buñuel, Francis Poulenc, Wolfgang Paalen, Jean Hugo, Jean-Michel Frank and others as well as her tempestuous life and eccentric personality.
• match the famous paintings to their frames – quiz - The Guardian.
• Millions of Square Feet, Billions of Dollars: An Arts Universe Expands - The New York Times.
• Mise en abyme - a formal technique in which an image contains a smaller copy of itself, in a sequence appearing to recur infinitely.
• Mona Lisa based on Da Vinci's gay lover, art detective claims - The Telegraph.
• Mona Lisa's Tuscan villa on sale for £16 million - The Telegraph.
• Monotyping - Monotyping is a type of printmaking made by drawing or painting on a smooth, non-absorbent surface. The surface, or matrix, was historically a copper etching plate, but in contemporary work it can vary from zinc or glass to acrylic glass. The image is then transferred onto a sheet of paper by pressing the two together, usually using a printing-press.
• Monuments Men - Feature Film.
• MONUMENTS MEN FOUNDATION - "For the Preservation of Art."
• Morellian method - based on clues offered by trifling details rather than identities of composition and subject matter or other broad treatments that are more likely to be seized upon by students, copyists and imitators.
• Mossack Fonseca's role in fight over painting stolen by Nazis - The Guardian.
• Most detailed ever photograph of the night watch - "The Rijksmuseum is publishing the largest and most detailed ever photograph of The Night Watch on its website, making it possible to zoom in on individual brushstrokes and even particles of pigment in the painting. The Rijksmuseum’s imaging team made this photograph of The Night Watch from a total of 528 exposures. The 24 rows of 22 pictures were stitched together digitally with the aid of neural networks. The final image is made up of 44.8 gigapixels (44,804,687,500 pixels), and the distance between each pixel is 20 micrometres (0.02 mm). This enables the scientists to study the painting in detail remotely. The image will also be used to accurately track any future ageing processes taking place in the painting."
• Munich Art Trove - Lost Art Internet Database.
• Narcissists are more likely to make money in art - The Telegraph.
• Nazi plunder - Wikipedia.
• 'New Rembrandt' to be unveiled in Amsterdam - 3D printed painting made by software that distilled the features of a Rembrandt.
• New York City Eliminates the Rules That Govern Art & Other Auctions - "Auction houses like Sotheby’s and Christie’s will no longer need to be licensed as part of a sweeping package designed to promote a business-friendly climate."
• NFT, explained - The Verge.
• NFT News - "NFTs are seemingly everywhere - and now they're all right here."
• NFT: The vast majority of NFTs are now worthless, new report shows - "Two years after tech trend that swept up artists and celebrities, researchers estimate 23 million people hold worthless investments."
• NFTs Are Shaking Up the Art World - But They Could Change So Much More - "NFTs are having their big-bang moment: collectors and speculators have spent more than $200 million on an array of NFT-based artwork, memes and GIFs in the past month alone, according to market tracker NonFungible.com, compared with $250 million throughout all of 2020. And that was before the digital artist Mike Winkelmann, known as Beeple, sold a piece for a record-setting $69 million at famed auction house Christie’s on March 11 - the third highest price ever fetched by any currently living artist, after Jeff Koons and David Hockney."
• non-fungible token (NFT) - special type of cryptographic token which represents something unique; NFTs are thus not mutually interchangeable.This is in contrast to cryptocurrencies like bitcoin, and many network or utility tokens, that are fungible in nature. Art was an early use case for NFTs, and blockchain in general, because of the ability of NFTs to provide proof of authenticity and ownership of digital art, a medium that designed for ease of mass reproduction, and unauthorized distribution through the Internet.
• Non-Objective Art - defines a type of abstract art that is usually, but not always, geometric and aims to convey a sense of simplicity and purity.
• One of the World’s Greatest Art Collections Hides Behind This Fence - The New York Times.
• OPEN ART COLLECTION - worldwide social art network for Artists, Collectors and Professionals. "Meeting the right people in the art world just got easier."
• Open Content Program - The Getty. "The Getty makes available, without charge, all available digital images (approx. 4,600) to which the Getty holds the rights or that are in the public domain to be used for any purpose. No permission is required."
• OPEN CULTURE - "The best free cultural & educational media on the web."
• Private passions: the sexual secrets hidden in the world’s greatest art - "It has been suggested that a portrait by the Flemish painter Anthony van Dyck hides a secret about his love life. If so, he is part of a history that stretches from Caravaggio to Kahlo."
• Rembrandt at Buckland - The original 'selfie' - Buckland Abbey, U.K.
• Riddle of a Scandalous French Painting Is Solved, Researcher Says - "For over 150 years, the famous painting’s origin was as mysterious as its subject - a meticulous close-up of a woman’s genitals - was considered unspeakable. No head, no arms, one breast: only a torso, finely rendered. Who posed for this notorious nonportrait by the celebrated troublemaker of 19th-century French realist painting, Gustave Courbet?"
• Robert Hughes - (1938-2012). Australian-born art critic, writer. He was described in 1997 by Robert Boynton of The New York Times as "the most famous art critic in the world." Hughes earned widespread recognition for his book and television series on Modern art, The Shock of the New, and for his longstanding position as art critic with TIME magazine. Known for his contentious critiques of art and artists, Hughes was generally conservative in his tastes, although he did not belong to a particular philosophical camp. Raising criticism to the level of art, his writing was noted for its power and elegance.
• ROBERT WITTMAN INC. - security, protection and recovery of your art investments.
• Rothko case - protracted legal dispute between Kate Rothko, the daughter of the painter Mark Rothko; the painter's estate executors; and the directors of his gallery, Marlborough Fine Art. The revelations in the case of greed, abuses of power and conspiracy by financial interests in the art world were described by the New York Court of Appeals, the highest court of New York state, as "manifestly wrongful and indeed shocking," serving as a cautionary tale for both artists and their gallerists.
• Scientists Discover a Second ‘Mona Lisa Smile’ - Discover.
• Seeing is believing: the trick of the trompe l’oeil in art - Europeana Blog.
• Seeing MirÓ’s Majorca Studio, Just the Way He Kept It - The New York Times.
• Slade Professor of Fine Art - the oldest professorship of art at the universities of Cambridge, Oxford and London.
• Society of Dilettanti - founded in 1734. Society of noblemen and scholars which sponsors the study of ancient Greek and Roman art, and the creation of new work in the style. The Society has 60 members, elected by secret ballot. An induction ceremony is held at a London club. It makes annual donations to the British Schools in Rome and Athens, and a separate fund set up in 1984 provides financial assistance for visits to classical sites and museums.
• Sotheby's Fine Art Storage Facility
• Sotheby's Institute of Art - since 1969. An institution of higher education devoted to the study of art and its markets with campuses in London (UK), New York City and Los Angeles (USA). The Institute offers full time accredited Master’s degrees as well as a range of postgraduate certificates, summer, semester and online courses, public programmes and executive education.
• Stolen artefacts stashed by British art dealer are returned to Italy - The Guardian.
• Swiping a Priceless Antiquity ... With a Scanner & a 3-D Printer - The New York Times.
• Technology Invites a Deep Dive Into Art - The New York Times.
• TERMINARTORS - "The world's largest artist, artwork and museum database!" The first community-based interactive painting gallery in the world. From the medieval era to the most recent trends, you will find tens of thousands of carefully categorized paintings, artists, and museums.
• the calm & chaos of an artist's studio – in pictures - The Guardian.
• The great art cover-up: Renaissance nudity still has power to shock - The Guardian.
• The Great Wealth Transfer Is Encouraging Older Collectors to Sell Off Their Art Collections - "Over the next quarter century, some $73 trillion dollars will be passed from America’s Boomer generation to its Gen X and Millennial children in what has been dubbed 'The Great Wealth Transfer.' About half of that figure will go to just the top 1.5 percent of households, aka America’s collecting class."
• The man who owns 25,000 artworks & 15,000 fine wine bottles - "History's riches: Inside the private collection of a Rothschild heir."
• The Mirrors Behind Rembrandt’s Self-Portraits - The New York Times.
• The Most Famous Pop Artist You Don’t Know - The New York Times.
• The Most Valuable Works of Stolen Art No One Can Find - ABC News.
• The secret to painting a portrait of 35 subjects - The Telegraph.
• The Shock of the New - (1980). Documentary television series written and presented by Robert Hughes produced by the BBC in association with Time-Life Films. It addressed the development of modern art since the Impressionists and was accompanied by a book of the same name; its combination of insight, wit and accessibility are still widely praised.
• The World's Most Expensive Stolen Paintings - YouTube 58:26. Art critic Alastair Sooke delves into the murky world of art theft. Despite the high stakes - and often daring - involved, many cases are shrouded in mystery and go unnoticed by the media.
• There is no difference between computer art & human art - Aeon Ideas.
• Touring Europe in the Footsteps of van Gogh - The New York Times.
• UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE - catalogues, names, and conserves sites of outstanding cultural or natural importance to the common heritage of humanity.
• Van Gogh wasn’t ill, he just had a drink problem, new research suggests - The Telegraph.
• Vienna Secession - formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian artists who had resigned from the Association of Austrian Artists, housed in the Vienna Künstlerhaus. This movement included painters, sculptors, and architects. The first president of the Secession was Gustav Klimt, and Rudolf von Alt was made honorary president.
• Washington Principles on Nazi-Confiscated Art - released on December 3, 1998. "In developing a consensus on non-binding principles to assist in resolving issues relating to Nazi-confiscated art, the Conference recognizes that among participating nations there are differing legal systems and that countries act within the context of their own laws."
• What the Panama Papers Reveal About the Art Market - The New York Times.
• WIKI PAINTINGS - the encyclopedia of painting.
• Wildenstein Trial to Lift a Veil on Opaque Art World Dealings - The New York Times.
• With $170.4 Million Sale at Auction, Modigliani Work Joins Rarefied Nine-Figure Club

Art Awards & Prizes

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• CARNEGIE ART AWARD - was a Swedish art award event established in 1998 by Swedish financial group Carnegie Investment Bank to recognize and promote Nordic contemporary painting and artists.
• Guggenheim International Award - was established in 1956 as 'both a recognition of outstanding achievements in the visual arts and an important manifestation of international goodwill'. A shortlist of artists and works were selected by juries to represent different countries, with one overall winner selected by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation and awarded a monetary prize of US$10,000, then the largest art prize awarded in the US. Prizes were given every two years from 1956 to 1964 (omitting 1962). The award was discontinued after 1964 in order to divert funds to acquiring further artwork for the Foundation.
• List of European art awards - Wikipedia.
• Lists of art awards - "Lists of art awards cover some of the notable awards presented for art, some for a specific form or genre, some for artists from one country or region, some more general. The lists are organized by the region of the body issuing the award, although the awards may not be restricted to artists in that region." Wikipedia.
• The Largest Cash Art Prizes Worldwide - W"As the number of art prizes has grown over the years, the size of their cash purses has increased as well. In early 2019, the Japanese financial company Nomura Holdings, Inc. created the world’s biggest art prizes - an award for one artist that comes with a $1 million check. Surveying awards around the world, ARTnews has rounded up 21 prizes with purses valued at $100,000 or more.
• AMERICAN ART AWARDS - since 1965. "Honoring the Creative Force in Art." 250-member honor society whose goal is to 'foster, assist, and sustain excellence' in American literature, music, and art.
• ART PRIZE - since 2009. An international art competition held in Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.A. ArtPrize is unusual both for the large size of the top prize (US$200,000, combined with other prizes cumulatively amounting to $560,000), as well as for the method of judging entries. Unlike traditionally juried competitions, ArtPrize contestants are juried by the public. Artists and venues (exhibition locations) negotiate and coordinate during a process called Connections. During the event, installations are voted upon by the public using modern networking technology.
• BUCKSBAUM AWARD - established in 2000 by the Bucksbaum Family Foundation and the Whitney Museum of American Art. It is awarded biannually "to honor an artist, living and working in the United States, whose work demonstrates a singular combination of talent and imagination." The $100,000 prize is the world's largest award given to an individual visual artist.
• Future Generation Art Prize - "US$100,000 award open to all artists around the world aged 35 or younger." Established by the Victor Pinchuk Foundation in 2009 is a worldwide contemporary art prize to discover, recognize and give long-term support to a future generation of artists.
• Hugo Boss Prize - awarded every other year to an artist (or group of artists) working in any medium, anywhere in the world. Since its establishment in 1996, it has distinguished itself from other art awards (e.g. the Turner Prize) because it has no restrictions on nationality or age. The prize is administered by the Guggenheim Museum and sponsored by the Hugo Boss clothing company, which since 1995 has been sponsoring various exhibitions and activities at the museum. It carries with it a cash award of US$100,000 and a tetrahedral trophy.
• MARCEL DUCHAMP PRIZE - "Created in 2000 by Gilles Fuchs, Founder and president of ADIAF, the Marcel Duchamp Prize aims to highlight the creative abundance of the French scene at the beginning of the 21st century and to support artists in their international career. At this time, 85 artists, laureates and nominees, have been honoured by the Marcel Duchamp Prize, which over the years and exhibitions has become a true ambassador of the French scene. They represent unique insight into the vitality of French creation and offer an open vision of contemporary art in France."
• MaxMara Art Prize for Women in collaboration with the Whitechapel - since 2005. Biannual Art Prize for British-based female artists organized by the MaxMara fashion house and The Whitechapel Gallery in London. The Prize includes a 6 month residency in Italy to realize an Art project which may be exhibited at The Whitechapel Gallery in London and it will be acquired by the Collezione Maramotti (Italy).
• Nomura Art Award - "The Tokyo-based financial company Nomura Holdings, Inc. launched a $1 million award in 2019, with the plan that the prize will be given to one artist each year. The Nomura Art Award recognizes “an artist who has created a body of work of major cultural significance,” according to a statement to the press. The first winner will be named in September 2019. In advance of naming the inaugural recipient, the company will also give out two $100,000 awards for emerging artists."
• Praemium Imperiale - (Lit. "World Culture Prize in Memory of His Imperial Highness Prince Takamatsu"). The Praemium Imperiale is a global arts prize awarded annually by the Japan Art Association. Since its inauguration in 1988, it has become a mark of the arts. Six nomination committees, each chaired by an International Advisor, propose candidates in five fields: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Music and Theatre/Film. This Site gives you a detailed introduction to Praemium Imperiale and its laureates in words, image, audio and video.
• Roswitha Haftmann Prize - since 2001. "The aim of the Foundation is to recognise outstanding achievements in the visual arts. To this end, the Foundation regularly awards the valuable Roswitha Haftmann Prize to a living artist. Prizewinners are selected solely on the basis of the artistic significance of their work, without regard to their personal circumstances (nationality, age, gender, etc.)." Prizewinners are selected solely on the basis of the artistic significance of their work, without regard to their personal circumstances (nationality, age, gender, etc.). The Prize worth CHF 150,000 (US$157,000) is awarded in Zurich, as far as possible during a public event in the Kunsthaus.
• TURNER PRIZE - "The prize was first awarded in 1984. It was founded by a group called the Patrons of New Art under the directorship of Alan Bowness. They formed to encourage wider interest in contemporary art and assist Tate in acquiring new works. They felt that Britain should have its own award for visual arts, an equivalent to the Booker Prize." The Turner Prize, named after the English painter J. M. W. Turner, is an annual prize presented to a British visual artist. Between 1991 and 2016, only artists under the age of 50 were eligible (this restriction was removed for the 2017 award). Awarding the prize is organised by the Tate gallery and usually staged at Tate Britain, though in recent years the award ceremony has sometimes been held in other UK cities. Since its beginnings in 1984 it has become the UK's most publicised art award. The award represents all media.

Art Events & Fairs

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• Art exhibition - Wikipedia.
• artfaircalendar.com
• Arts festival - Wikipedia.
• At Art Basel, a Powerful Jury Controls the Market - The New York Times.
• How to Build an Art Fair - The New York Times.
• How to Make an Art Fair Part of Your Next Vacation - The New York Times.
• Leading Art Fairs around the world - MutualArt.com.
• Purchasing Fine Art Is Increasingly Just a Click Away - The New York Times.
• TEFAF Art Market Report 2018 - "The global art market, with a focus on the US and China."
• Top 50 Art Fairs in the U.S. - Artsy Shark.
• Which International Art Fairs Have the Highest Attendance? - ARTnews.
• World’s 10 Best Art Fairs - since 1936. "Fodor's Travel Guide.
• Affordable Art Fair - since 1999. International, contemporary art fair held in different cities around the world.
• ARCO Madrid - International Contemporary Art Fair. Since 1982. One of Europe's leading and popular art fairs. In addition to the exhibiting galleries, a series of lectures and specially focused exhibitions take place. Madrid, Spain.
• ARS ELECTRONICA - since 1979. Based in Linz, Austria and founded in 1979. Festival for art, technology and society.
• ART | BASEL - since 1970. The premier international art show of its kind for Modern and contemporary works, bringing over 300 leading galleries from around the world to the heart of Europe. The exhibition includes the highest-quality paintings, sculptures, drawings, installations, photographs, video and editioned works.
• Art Basel | Hong Kong - the newest Art Basel show. With half of the participating galleries coming from Asia and Asia-Pacific, Art Basel in Hong Kong assumes a significant role in the international artworld, providing a portal to the region's artists. The new show gives galleries from around the world a platform in Asia to demonstrate the way they work with artists, and bring their highest quality work to Hong Kong.
• Art Basel | Miami Beach - since 2002. The favorite winter meeting place for the international artworld. At the nexus of North America and Latin America, this Art Basel show presents artwork from across the globe. Over 250 of the world's leading galleries participate, drawing over 70,000 visitors each year.
• Art Cologne - "ART COLOGNE is an art fair for international art galleries presenting art of the 20th and 21st centuries in Cologne, Germany. It is the oldest fair of its kind having started with just 18 galleries in 1967. Today around 200 commercial galleries come together each spring to present works by over 2.000 artists, covering all price segments from well-known blue-chip artists to the newest young and emerging artists."
• ART DUBAI - since 2006. The leading international art fair in the MENASA (Middle East/North Africa/South Asia), has become a cornerstone of the region’s booming contemporary art community.
• Art Monaco - "Where Art Meets Glamour." Monaco's Premier Art Event. International modern & contemporary art fair. The international art fair that brings together art collectors, galleries & art lovers from all over the world. Venue: Espace Fontvieille, SAM Monte-Carlo Festivals, 5 Avenue des Ligures.
• Art Rio - "ArtRio is the main endeavor of BEX, producer of cultural events specialized in the visual arts. BEX was founded in 2009, by Brenda Valansi, Elisangela Valadares, Alexandre Accioly dissemination and distribution of Brazilian art within and beyond Brazil’s borders."
• artissima - "Artissima is Italy’s most important contemporary art fair. Since its establishment in 1994, it has combined the presence of an international market with a focus on experimentation and research. Nearly two hundred galleries from around the world participate every year. In addition to the fair, Artissima is also composed of four art sections, headed by a board of international curators and museum directors, devoted to emerging artists, drawings and rediscovering the great pioneers of contemporary art, and to the sound projects (new section)."
• Copenhagen Art Week - since 2013. Focuses on the best on Denmark’s art scene, and the quality of its art institutions and galleries.
• documenta - since 1955. Exhibition of modern and contemporary art which takes place every five years in Kassel, Germany.
• FIAC | Foire Internationale d'Art Contemporain - since 1974. One of the world's foremost contemporary-art events. Venue: Grand Palais, 3 Avenue du Général Eisenhower, 75008 Paris, France.
• FRIEZE ART FAIR London - since 2003. One of the world's leading contemporary art fairs, taking place each October in Regent's Park, London, U.K.
• FRIEZE ART FAIR New York - since 2012. "Discover the world's leading contemporary and modern galleries." View and buy art from more than 1,000 of today’s leading artists and experience a curated program of talks, performance and new artist commissions-
• India Art Fair - since 2008. South Asia’s leading art fair for modern and contemporary art from across the world. New Delhi, India.
• Istanbul Biennial - contemporary art exhibition, held every two years in Istanbul, Turkey, since 1987.
• LA BIENNALE DI VENEZIA - since 1895. Major contemporary art exhibition that takes place once every two years (in odd years) in Venice, Italy. The first Biennale was held in 1895.
• Paris Internationale - since 2015. Gallery initiated contemporary art fair held within a hotel particulier in the heart of Paris.
• PARIS PHOTO | Foire internationale de photographie d'art - since 1997. The largest international art fair dedicated to the photographic medium and is held each November at the historic Grand Palais in Paris.
• Rencontres d'Arles - since 1970. (Formerly called Les Rencontres internationales de la photographie d'Arles) is an annual summer photography festival founded in 1970 by the Arles photographer Lucien Clergue, the writer Michel Tournier and the historian Jean-Maurice Rouquette.
• Salon Point Art Monaco - Sporting d'Hiver, Place du Casino, Monte-Carlo, MC 98000 Monaco.
• Scope Art Show - since 2000. "With over 50 art shows spanning more than a decade, SCOPE has solidified its position as the premier showcase for international emerging contemporary art and multi-disciplinary creative programming. SCOPE’s extensive reach enables an unrivaled opportunity for networking with art patrons, creative professionals and a culturally relevant public audience. Renowned for presenting the most innovative galleries, artists and curators, SCOPE Art Shows in Miami, Basel, New York, London and the Hamptons have garnered extensive critical acclaim, with sales of over $700 million and attendance of over 1,000,000 visitors."
• TEFAF MAASTRICHT | The European Fine Art Fair - "Established in 1988, TEFAF is widely regarded as the world’s pre-eminent organization of fine art, antiques, and design. TEFAF runs three Fairs internationally - TEFAF Maastricht, which covers 7,000 years of art history; TEFAF New York Spring, focused on modern and contemporary art & design; and TEFAF New York Fall, covering fine and decorative art from antiquity to 1920. TEFAF champions the finest quality art from across the ages by creating a community of the world’s top art dealers and experts to inspire lovers and buyers of art everywhere."
• The Armory Show - since 2000. "Staged on Piers 92 & 94, The Armory Show features leading international galleries, innovative artist commissions, and dynamic public programs." Leading international contemporary and modern art fair and one of the most important annual art events in New York, takes place every March on Piers 92 & 94 in central Manhattan. The Armory Show is devoted to showcasing the most important artworks of the 20th and 21st centuries.
• Volta - since 2005. Basel's renowned platform for presenting the vision of contemporary art galleries of global prestige whose artists represent new and relevant positions for curators and collectors alike. Basel, Switzerland.
• Volta NY - since 2008. Invitational show of emerging solo artists’ projects and the American incarnation of the successful young fair founded in Basel. SoHo, New York, U.S.A.

Art Galleries | Art Dealers

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• $1B feud involving Leonardo's 'Salvator Mundi' reveals dark side of the art world - "It is the biggest legal fight the art world has ever witnessed: a Russian oligarch, who claims he was ripped off buying multi-million-dollar masterpieces, versus a Swiss art dealer who says it was just business."
• 10th Street galleries - was a collective term for the co-operative galleries that operated mainly in the East Village on the east side of Manhattan, in New York City in the 1950s and 1960s. The galleries were artist run and generally operated on very low budgets, often without any staff. Some artists became members of more than one gallery. The 10th Street galleries were an avant-garde alternative to the Madison Avenue and 57th Street galleries that were both conservative and highly selective.
• 100 Of The World’s Top Art Galleries (Listed By Country) - "A Complete Guide To The World’s Best Art Galleries."
• 291 (art gallery) - commonly known name for an internationally noted art gallery that was located in Midtown Manhattan at 291 Fifth Avenue in New York City from 1905 to 1917. Originally known as the "Little Galleries of the Photo-Secession", the gallery was created and managed by photographer Alfred Stieglitz.
• 2020 Top 200 Collectors - "Collecting the Future." ARTNews.
• A Cautionary Tale of the World’s Superrich Blowing Millions on Art - Bloomberg.
• Alexander Iolas - (1907-1987). Was a Greek gallerist and collector. He owned galleries in the United States and Europe and contributed in many private and public art collections. Alexander Iolas represented many artists in his galleries, among them Andy Warhol, Max Ernst, René Magritte, Roberto Matta, Ed Ruscha, Jean Tinguely, Joseph Cornell, Yves Klein, Jannis Kounellis, Takis, Victor Brauner, Jules Olitski, and Niki de Saint-Phalle. In promoting work that initially found few to favor it, he was able to reassure potential clients with his irresistible and often mischievous charm, dazzle them with his flamboyant personality and often sensational mode of dress.
• Alfred Flechtheim - (1878-1937). "Art dealer of the avantgarde." German art dealer, art collector, journalist and publisher.
• Ambroise Vollard - (1866-1939). One of the most important dealers in French modern art at end-19th and early twentieth century. He had his portrait painted by so many artists that Picasso said "The most beautiful woman who ever lived has never had her portrait painted, drawn, or engraved any oftener than Vollard".
• AndrÉ Level - (1863-1947). Un homme d'affaires et collectionneur français qui s'est illustré en constituant la première collection d'art moderne français.
• Art dealer - Wikipedia.
• ART DEALERS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA - founded 1962. The Art Dealers Association of America (ADAA) is a non-profit membership organization of the nation's leading galleries in the fine arts.
• Art valuation - Wikipedia.
• ASK ART - "AskART is an online database containing close to 300,000 artists, with information ranging from biographies to auction records. At the time of our Internet debut in year 2000, we focused on American artists; however, in 2008, we expanded our coverage to include international records."
• ARTNET - since 1989. "The Art World Online." Artnet is the place to buy, sell and research fine art online. The Price Database offers the most comprehensive archive of auction results in the world. Host to over 10 million results spanning over 30 years, including a total of over 1,700 auction houses and 320,000 artists, every lot is catalogued, translated, and edited by a team of multilingual specialists. The database is a valuation tool used by appraisers, dealers, and collectors, allowing users to make informed decisions about buying or selling art.
• Bernard Berenson - (1865-1959). American art historian specializing in the Renaissance. Berenson was a major figure in the attribution of Old Masters, at a time when these were attracting new interest by American collectors, and his judgments were widely respected in the art world. Recent research has cast doubt on some of his authentications, which may have been influenced by the exceptionally high commissions paid to him.
• Bernheim-Jeune - (1863-2018). One of the oldest art galleries in Paris. Opened on Rue Laffitte in 1863 by Alexandre Bernheim (1839-1915), friend of Delacroix, Corot and Courbet, it changed location a few times before settling on Avenue Matignon. It is still managed by members of the same family. The gallery promoted realists, Barbizon school paintings and, in 1874, the first impressionist and later post-impressionist painters.
• Bodley Gallery - was a prominent art gallery in New York City, United States, from the late 1940s through the early 1980s. The Bodley specialized in contemporary and modern art. Several of Andy Warhol's earliest exhibitions in New York were at the Bodley during the 1950s, starting with two in 1956. David Mann, the Bodley's director, had previously been manager of the Hugo Gallery, assistant to director Alexander Iolas, when the Hugo mounted Warhol's first solo exhibition in 1952.
• Buchholz Gallery - (1937–1955). New York, NY, U.S.A.
• Buying Art Doesn’t Have to Be Intimidating: Yes, There’s an App - The New York Times.
• Carfax Gallery - (1898 - late 1920's). "Founded in 1898 in Ryder Street, Mayfair the gallery was originally known as Carfax and Co. By 1906 it had changed locations to nearby Bury Street where it was to remain for two decades or so of its existence. The founder of the gallery is considered to be William Rothenstein, artist, teacher and energetic art social worker."
• Catalogue raisonnÉ - comprehensive, annotated listing of all the known artworks by an artist either in a particular medium or all media. The works are described in such a way that they may be reliably identified by third parties.
• CONTEMPORARY ART GALLERY - Wikipedia.
• Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler - (1884-1979). German-born art historian, art collector, and one of the premier French art dealers of the 20th century. He became prominent as an art gallery owner in Paris beginning in 1907. Best-known for his early espousal of Cubism and his long, intimate association with Spanish artist Pablo Picasso, and also exclusively represented Georges Braque, and Juan Gris.
• Daniel Wildenstein - (1917-2001). Renowned art dealer, historian and a leading owner-breeder of thoroughbred race horses. He was the third member of the family to preside over Wildenstein & Co., one of the most successful and influential art-dealerships of the 20th Century. He was once described as "probably the richest and most powerful art dealer on earth".
• Driven to Abstraction: the inside story of a $60m art forgery hoax - "For 15 years, one of New York’s most prestigious art galleries, Knoedler & Company, sold forged paintings - a new film explores how the art world fell for it."
• Europe’s 10 Most Respected Art Dealers - artnet News.
• FADA | FINE ART DEALERS ASSOCIATION - since 1990. "Fine Art Dealers Association (FADA) has a national/international membership of art dealers dedicated to promoting the highest degree of professionalism, scholarship and integrity and to offering quality works of art whose authenticity is carefully researched. Browse the FADA.org website to buy, sell and search artworks through our member dealers' inventory."
• F. Kleinberger Galleries - (1848–1973). Founded in Paris by Franz Kleinberger in 1848, the firm was a promoter and importer of European paintings to the United States. By 1913, Kleinberger was exhibiting at its gallery on lower Fifth Avenue, near to Duveen Gallery.
• Gallery Hopes to Sell Kanye West’s ‘Famous’ Sculpture for US$4 Million - The New York Times.
• Georges Petit - (1856-1920). Was a French art dealer, a key figure in the Paris art world and an important promoter and cultivator of Impressionist artists.
• Global GALLERY GUIDES - "Galleries around the World." Links to 22,000+ galleries around the world by The Saatchi Gallery.
• Guggenheim Jeune - named after Peggy Guggenheim's (1898–1979) first gallery which opened at 30 Cork Street in London, in January 1938.
• Heir to art-dealing estate in court in major French fraud trial - Guy Wildenstein faces charges that he hid his fortune in offshore tax havens and a demand for £475m in back taxes.
• Hildebrand Gurlitt - (1895-1956). Was a German art dealer and art historian who traded in "degenerate art" during the Nazi era. His collection of 1,406 works (by Marc Chagall, Paul Klee, Henri Matisse, and Pablo Picasso, among others) was confiscated in 2012 by Bavarian authorities from the apartment of his son, Cornelius Gurlitt.
• Hugo Gallery - was a New York City gallery, founded by Robert Rothschild, Elizabeth Arden and Maria dei Principi Ruspoli Hugo between 1945 and 1955 and operated by Alexander Iolas. The Hugo gallery was initially on East 55th Street and Madison Avenue. In 1952, Andy Warhol had his first solo exhibition at the Hugo Gallery named "Fifteen Drawings Based on the Writings of Truman Capote" (June 16 – July 3, 1952).
• Jacques Seligmann & Company - (1880-1978). Was a French and American art dealer and gallery specializing in decorative art and antiques. It is considered one of the foremost dealers and galleries in fostering appreciation for the collecting of contemporary European art.
• Johann Ernst Gotzkowsky - (1710-1775). Prussian merchant with a successful trade in trinkets, silk, taft, porcelain, grain and bills of exchange. Moreover, he acted as a diplomat and important art dealer. His paintings formed the basis and the beginning of the collection in the Hermitage Museum.
• Jos Hessel - (1859-1942). French art collector & art dealer.
• Joseph Duveen - (1869-1939). British art dealer, considered one of the most influential art dealers of all time. His success is famously attributed to noticing that "Europe has a great deal of art, and America has a great deal of money." He made his fortune by buying works of art from declining European aristocrats and selling them to the millionaires of the United States.
• Julien Levy - (1906–1981). Was an art dealer and owner of Julien Levy Gallery in New York City, important as a venue for Surrealists, avante-garde artists and American photographers in the 1930s and 1940s.
• Katherine Sophie Dreier - (1877-1952). Was an American artist, lecturer, patron of the arts and social reformer. Dreier developed an interest in art at a young age and was afforded the opportunity of studying art in the United States and in Europe due to her parents' wealth and progressive attitudes. She was most influenced by modern art, particularly by her friend Marcel Duchamp, and due to her frustration with the poor reception that the works received, she became a supporter of other artists. She was co-founder of the Society of Independent Artists and the SociÉtÉ Anonyme, which had the first permanent collection of modern art, representing 175 artists and more than 800 works of art.
• Knoedler & Co. - (1846-2011). "Art dealership in New York City founded in 1846. When it closed in 2011, amid lawsuits for fraud, it was one of the oldest commercial art galleries in the US, having been in operation for 165 years."
• Le Freeport - "A high-end, ultra safe facility for the storage of valuable goods." LE FREEPORT sets new standards, demanded by investors and collectors alike: a purpose built facility combining cutting edge technology, efficient logistics, and an exhaustive range of expert services. LE FREEPORT is the ideal platform for securing, servicing and selling works of art and other valuables. Luxembourg & Singapore.
• Mary Boone - American art dealer and gallerist, and the owner and director of the Mary Boone Gallery. She played an important role in the New York art market of the 1980s. Her first two artists, Julian Schnabel and David Salle, became internationally known. The Mary Boone Gallery has represented artists including Jean-Michel Basquiat, Barbara Kruger, Eric Fischl, Ross Bleckner, and Brice Marden. Originally based in SoHo, Boone operated two galleries, one in midtown on Fifth Avenue, the other in Chelsea. Following her 2019 conviction and sentencing to 30 months in prison for tax evasion, she indicated the intention to close both galleries.
• Mary Boone Is Not Done - "One of New York’s leading art dealers, convicted of tax evasion, will report to prison in May. She’s already plotting her return."
• Modica Carr Art Advisory - since 2015. "Modica Carr Art Advisory / TWAAS is a highly experienced art advisory firm with expertise in Impressionist, Modern and Contemporary Art."
• Notable art dealers - Wikipedia.
• One of the World’s Greatest Art Collections Hides Behind This Fence - The New York Times.
• PAINTING - Wikipedia.
• Paul Durand-Ruel - (1831-1922). French art dealer who is associated with the Impressionists and the Barbizon School. He was one of the first modern art dealers who provided support to his painters with stipends and solo exhibitions.
• Paul Durand-Ruel, the Paris Dealer Who Put Impressionism on the Map - The New York Times.
• Paul Guillaume - (1891-1934). Was a French art dealer. Dealer of Chaim Soutine and Amedeo Modigliani, he was one of the first to organize African art exhibitions. He also bought and sold many works from cutting edge artists of the time, such as Henri Matisse, Constantin Brâncuşi, Pablo Picasso, and Giorgio de Chirico.
• Paul Rosenberg - (1881-1959). Was a French art dealer. He represented Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Henri Matisse. Both Paul and his brother LÉonce Rosenberg were among the world's major dealers of modern art.
• Pedro MaÑach - (1870-1936/1939). Was Picasso's first art dealer.
• Powerful Art Galleries Are Mega-Sizing Into Mini Museums - Bloomberg.
• Purchasing Fine Art Is Increasingly Just a Click Away - The New York Times.
• RenÉ Gimpel - (1881–1945). Was a prominent French art dealer, friend and patron of living artists and collector. He was the son of a picture dealer and the brother-in-law of Sir Joseph Duveen.
• SAATCHI ONLINE - since 2011. "The world’s leading online gallery, connecting you to art and artists you love." The World's Interactive Art Gallery. Magazine, museums & gallery listings, artists around the world display work and sell free of any commission.
• Salon d'Automne - (Autumn Salon), or Société du Salon d'automne, is an annual art exhibition held in Paris, France since 1903; it is currently held on the Champs-Élysées, between the Grand Palais and the Petit Palais, in mid October.
• Soaring Art Market Attracts a New Breed of Advisers for Collectors - The New York Times.
• SociÉtÉ Anonyme - was an art organization founded in 1920 by Katherine Dreier, Man Ray and Marcel Duchamp. The society sponsored lectures, concerts, publications, and exhibitions of modern art, including the International Exhibition of Modern Art at the Brooklyn Museum in 1926. Between 1920 and 1940 they held 80 exhibitions showing mostly Cubist and abstract art. Their galleries in their "first modest headquarters" were at 19 East 47th Street.
• SociÉtÉ des Artistes IndÉpendants - (Society of Independent Artists), Salon des Indépendants was formed in Paris on 29 July 1884. The association began with the organization of massive exhibitions in Paris, choosing the slogan "sans jury ni récompense" ("without jury nor reward").
• Society of Independent Artists - was an association of American artists founded in 1916 and based in New York. Based on the French Société des Artistes Indépendants, the goal of the society was to hold annual exhibitions by avant-garde artists. Exhibitions were to be open to anyone who wanted to display their work, and shows were without juries or prizes. In order to enter, one had to pay a six-dollar membership and entry fee.
• TEFAF Art Market Report 2014 - "The global art market, with a focus on the US and China."
• The Art of This Century gallery - was opened by Peggy Guggenheim at 30 West 57th Street in Manhattan, New York City on October 20, 1942. The gallery occupied two commercial spaces on the seventh floor of a building that was part of the midtown arts district including the Museum of Modern Art, the Museum of Non-Objective Painting, Helena Rubinstein's New Art Center, and numerous commercial galleries. The gallery exhibited important modern art until it closed in 1947, when Guggenheim returned to Europe.
• The Cultivist - since 2015. "The world’s only global arts club offering uniquely privileged access to every aspect of the art world." With a single card, you glide through museums, galleries and art fairs worldwide: no tickets, no bookings, no complications.
• The Most Respected US Contemporary Art Dealers of 2015 - artnet News.
• The Pandemic Closed Art Galleries' Doors. But Who Said a Gallery Needs Four Walls and a Ceiling? - "From video games to snail mail, artists and museums have seized upon this difficult moment to expand possibilities for interacting with art."
• THE SOCIETY OF LONDON ART DEALERS - since 1932. "The Society of London Art Dealers is the principal trade association in the UK for dealers in fine art. It has 134 members covering the entire range from old master paintings and sculpture through to cutting edge contemporary art."
• THEA WESTREICH ART ADVISORY SERVICES - professional consulting firm with expertise in Impressionist, Modern and Contemporary Art, and Photography.
• Thomas Agnew & Sons - fine arts dealer in London that began life as part of in a print and publishing partnership with Vittore Zanetti in Manchester in 1817 which ended in 1835, when Agnew took full control of the company. The firm opened its London gallery in 1860, where it soon established itself as one of Mayfair's leading dealerships. Since then Agnew's has held a pre-eminent position in the world of Old Master paintings. It also had a major role in the massive growth of a market for contemporary British art in the late 19th century. In 2013, after nearly two centuries of family ownership, Agnew's was purchased privately and is now run by Lord Anthony Crichton-Stuart, a former head of Christie's Old Master paintings department, New York.
• Top 100 Most Collectible Living Artists 2015 - Artnet News.
• Über-warehouses for the ultra-rich - "Ever more wealth is being parked in fancy storage facilities. For some customers, they are an attractive new breed of tax haven."
• VANITY GALLERY - Wikipedia.
• Wildenstein Trial to Lift a Veil on Opaque Art World Dealings - The New York Times.
• Wilhelm Uhde - (1874-1947). Was a German art collector, dealer, author and critic, an early collector of modernist painting, and a significant figure in the career of Henri Rousseau. He purchased his first Picasso in 1905, and was one of the first collectors of the Cubist paintings of Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. He met Robert Delaunay, Sonia Terk and Henri Rousseau in 1907, and opened his art gallery in 1908, rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs (Paris) where he exhibited Georges Braque, Jean Metzinger, Sonia Delaunay, André Derain, Raoul Dufy, Auguste Herbin, Jules Pascin & Pablo Picasso.
• World's Best Art Galleries - Complex.
• ALMINE RECH Gallery - since 1997. Paris - Brussels - London - New York.
• Andrew Butterfield - since 2005. New York City, NY, U.S.A. "Andrew Butterfield concentrates on the discovery, authentication, and sale of museum quality masterpieces of European art, chiefly Renaissance and Baroque sculpture. A preeminent scholar-dealer, he combines thirty years of experience at the highest level in every sector of the art world: academia, museums, and the market."
• Artspace - since 2011. "Contemporary Art for Sale Online." Artspace is the digital marketplace for fine art and design. Learn about and buy artworks from the best artists, galleries and museums around the world. It is our mission to make it easy for you to discover and collect fine art from renowned artists, galleries, and cultural institutions worldwide.
• Blum & Poe - since 1994. Ccontemporary art gallery located in Los Angeles, New York, and Tokyo. They have developed a strong reputation for fostering the careers of Los Angeles-based and international artists by expanding their presence through world-class exhibitions and participation in important art fairs.
• Castelli Gallery - since 1957. New York City, NY, U.S.A.
• CCA Andratx | Contemporary Art Gallery in Mallorca - since 2001. Andraitx, Mallorca, Spain. The CCA Gallery offers selected works to satisfy the demands of any art collector. Paintings, sculptures, installations, graphics and photographs from international and local artists are displayed and for sale.
• Chris Beetles Gallery - since 1975. 8-10 Ryder St, London, Greater London SW1Y 6QB, England, U.K. Specialises in traditional British watercolour, illustration, cartoons, oil painting and sculpture.
• Cohen Gallery - since 1992. 7354 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
• Colnaghi - since 1760. 15 Old Bond Street, London W1S 4AX, England, U.K. The oldest commercial art gallery in the world.
• CRISPIAN RILEY-SMITH Fine Arts Ltd. - since 1989. Skipton, North Yorkshire, England. Conservation, valuations, buying & selling, consultancy.
• DAVID ZWIRNER - since 1993. Contemporary art gallery with locations in New York, London, and Hong Kong.
• EDEN ROCK GALLERY - since 2011. St. Barth. "The Eden Rock Gallery is at the sharp end of the global art world and collaborations over the past years include the world-renowned Gagosian Gallery. Last year an additional bond was formed with Galerie Perrotin and Art Saint Barth who exhibited the celebrated Brooklyn-based artist KAWS, as well as Daniel Arsham and so much more..."
• GAGOSIAN GALLERY - since 1979. Main gallery: New York City, NY, U.S.A. ontemporary art gallery owned and directed by Larry Gagosian. The gallery exhibits some of the most influential artists of the 20th and 21st centuries. There are 16 gallery spaces: five in New York; three in London; two in Paris; one each in Beverly Hills, San Francisco, Rome, Athens, Geneva and Hong Kong. World's biggest art dealer.
• GALERIE BERND KUGLER - since 2004. Innsbruck, Austria. Contemporary art by international artists.
• GALERIE BRUNO BISCHOFBERGER - since 1963. Zurich, Switzerland. Major figure in the international art market for several decades. He is especially known for bringing American pop art to Europe in the 1960s, and American Neo-Expressionism in the 1980s, his long association with Andy Warhol, and for expanding the use of big money in the European contemporary art market.
• Galerie CarrÉ DorÉ - 5 rue Princesse Caroline, Monaco 98000. Contemporary art gallery.
• Galerie DENISE RenÉ - since 1945. Paris, France. French art gallerist specializing in kinetic art and op art.
• GALERIE LELONG & Co. - since 1981. Contemporary art gallery based in Paris, New York and Zurich. Showing works by internationally established artists.
• GALERIE MAEGHT Paris - since 1946. 42 rue du Bac, Paris, France. "Art Moderne et Contemporain."
• GALERIE MODERNE - Silkeborg, Denmark. "Galerie Moderne Silkeborg has exhibited artists from the Cobra movement since 1962 and is the only gallery in Denmark to have direct contact with these artists."
• Galerie Perrotin - "Perrotin is a contemporary art gallery founded by Emmanuel Perrotin in 1989." The gallery currently occupies two floors in Paris' Marais district.
• GALERIE THADDAEUS ROPAC - "Contemporary art gallery, founded by Thaddaeus Ropac in 1983, representing 60 international artists with exhibition spaces in Paris, Salzburg and London."
• Gavin Brown's enterprise - since 1994. Art gallery with venues in New York City and Rome.
• Gimpel Fils - London, U.K. "Founded in 1946 Gimpel Fils is a commercial gallery specialising in contemporary British and International art."
• GLADSTONE GALLERY - since 1996. "Leading contemporary art gallery with locations in New York and Brussels. Representing more than thirty-five artists." Including Ugo Rondinone, Shirin Neshat, Anish Kapoor, Sarah Lucas, Matthew Barney, Rebecca Quaytman, Victor Man and Andro Wekua. The gallery is also a prominent participant in many major art fairs.
• Hauser & Wirth - since 1992. "Located in Zurich, London, New York, Somerset, Los Angeles, Hong Kong and Gstaad. The gallery represents emerging and established artists."
• HELENE BAILLY GALLERY - since 2010. Paris, France. "Modern & Contemporary Masterpieces."
• JAMES HYMAN GALLERY - since 1999. London, U.K. "Prides itself on the art historical significance and museum quality of the fine art and photography that we handle. The gallery regularly sells and loans works to museums."
• JAY JOPLING - London, U.K. Has established himself as a key figure in the art world and has been instrumental in repositioning London as the leading international centre for contemporary art over the past two decades. In May 1993 Jopling opened the original White Cube on the first floor of 44 Duke Street, St James, in London’s West End.
• Jessica Silverman Gallery - since 2008. San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. Contemporary art gallery that represents emerging and mid-career artists.
• KESZLER GALLERY - since 2007. Southampton, NY, U.S.A. Contemporary Art Gallery.
• KEYA GALLERY - since 2006. Located in New York City. "We have one of the world's largest selections of American Civil War items, Abraham Lincoln items, autographs, documents, 19th century photographs of famous historical people, slavery items, presidential items, and royalty items."
• LISSON GALLERY - "Lisson Gallery is one of the most influential and longest-running international contemporary art galleries in the world. Established in 1967, with two locations in London and two in New York, it supports and develops over 50 international artists."
• Marian Goodman Gallery - since 1977 in Manhattan, New York. "For over forty years, Marian Goodman Gallery has played an important role in introducing European artists to American audiences and helping to establish a vital dialogue among artists and institutions working internationally." Goodman is one of the most respected and influential gallerists of contemporary art in the world.
• Marlborough Fine Art - 6 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BY, U. K. "Marlborough Fine Art and has been representing world renowned modern masters in Contemporary Art since 1946." During the 71 years of its existence, Marlborough has been responsible for putting together many fine private collections, and believes the reputation of the gallery's artists are further supported and enhanced by museum exhibitions around the world.
• MATTHEW MARKS GALLERY - since 1991. New York City, NY, U.S.A. Specializes in modern and contemporary art in a variety of media, including: painting, sculpture, photography, installation art, film, and drawings and prints. It represents established artists like Ellsworth Kelly and Jasper Johns and a younger generation of artists like Robert Gober and Nan Goldin. The gallery has three exhibition spaces in New York City and two in Los Angeles.
• MCDERMOTT GALLERIES - Birmingham, U.K. "Single collective adopting a fresh approach to working within the creative industries and includes such areas as art, music and fashion."
• Michael Goedhuis Ltd - since 1989. 61 Cadogan Square, London, U.K. "The Gallery's principal activities today are the promotion of the best Chinese contemporary art as well as Chinese works of art from the Neolithic period to Modern."
• MICHAEL WERNER GALLERY - since 1963. Upper East Side, New York & Mayfair, London. "In addition to contemporary American and European painting, sculpture and drawing, the gallery specializes in works by modern masters including Hans Arp, Piero Manzoni, Francis Picabia and Kurt Schwitters."
• Newport Street Gallery - 1-9 Newport Street, London, U.K. Owned by Damien Hirst. "London gallery presenting exhibitions from Damien Hirst’s extensive collection of art."
• PACE GALLERY - since 1960 "Leading contemporary art gallery representing more than 70 artists and estates, with galleries in New York, London, Beijing, Hong Kong, Seoul, Palo Alto & Geneva."
• Pierogi Gallery - since 1994. Williamsburg, Brooklyn, NY, U.S.A. "Pierogi features the work of emerging and mid-career artists in an eclectic range of media."
• Pop and Contemporary Fine Art - since 2008. Orchard Road, Singapore. The gallery specialises in original paintings, limited edition lithographs, screen prints, etchings and sculptures from the Pop and Contemporary Art genres.
• Proud Galleries - since 1998. Europe’s most popular privately funded photographic gallery. London, U.K.
• PULLMAN GALLERY - since 1998. "20th Century Objets de Luxe." The Pullman Gallery specializes in objets deluxe dating from 1880-1950. Our gallery is in King Street, St James's, London, right next to Christie's.
• RICHARD L. FEIGEN & CO. - since 1957. "With over fifty years of experience in dealing old masters through contemporary art we are uniquely positioned to advise clients in all aspects of building a collection." Among the collections he has helped shape are those of Saul Steinberg, the once high-flying head of Reliance Capital, former Sotheby's Chairman A. Alfred Taubman, and German steel magnate Baron Hans-Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza.
• Robert Simon Fine Art - "Specializes in European works of the Renaissance and Baroque periods - generally from 1300 to 1800. In addition we offer select works from Colonial Latin America, as well as from nineteenth century Europe. While we tend to focus on Italian and Spanish paintings, we are not restrictive, and above all seek out and offer works of the highest quality of whatever origin, date, and medium. Our gallery is located at 22 East 80th Street in New York City, close to the Metropolitan Museum of Art."
• Salon 94 - art gallery with three spaces in Manhattan, New York. "Since its creation in 2002, the mission of Salon 94 has grown from exhibiting special projects by emerging and renowned artists alike."
• SCHOENI ART GALLERY - since 1992. "An internationally respected gallery, known worldwide as a progressive leader in the art world firmly placed at the cutting edge of Chinese Contemporary Chinese Art." Main gallery: Hong Kong.
• Shazina Gallery - since 2000. Moscow, Russia.
• SprÜth Magers - since 1983. "Located in Berlin, London and Los Angeles, Sprüth Magers is one of the world's leading contemporary art galleries, representing emerging and established artists." Sprüth Magers now works with over 60 artists and estates.
• STOPPENBACH & DELESTRE - since 1982. "International fine art gallery, located in St James’s, in the heart of London’s art world. Specialized in French Art from Barbizon, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism and Modern Art among others, spanning the 19th and early 20th Century."
• THE APPROACH - since 1997. Contemporary art gallery. One of the gallery’s original objectives was to offer solo exhibitions to London-based artists at the start of their careers - several of whom have gone on to achieve international success. London, U.K.
• Victoria Miro - since 1985. "Victoria Miro shows the work of established and emerging artists from the USA, Europe and Asia in an exhibition space close to the financial heart of London." Victoria Miro represents some 40 international artists and artist estates. The gallery occupies 20,000 square feet across its locations in Mayfair and Wharf Road, London, and Venice.
• WEINSTEIN GALLERY - since 1992. San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. "Specializes in non-objective and surrealist art from pre-war Europe through the birth of abstract expressionism and the New York School in post-war America."
• WEISS GALLERY - since 1985. 59 Jermyn Street, London SW1, U.K. "he leading dealer in Tudor, Stuart and North European Old Master portraiture."
• WHITE CUBE - since 1993. London, U.K. "White Cube is one of the world's leading galleries for contemporary art."
• WILDENSTEIN & CO. - founded 1903. 689 Fifth Avenue, New York City, NY 10022, U.S.A. "Currently located in the historic Aeolian Building on 54th and 5th Avenue, Wildenstein & Co. is an appointment-only art dealership with an emphasis on Old Masters and Impressionists."

Art Magazines & Media

• 
• List of art magazines - Wikipedia.
• APHELIS - "An iconographic and text archive related to communication, technology and art."
• Apollo - since 1925. "The International Art Magazine." Widely respected English-language monthly magazine covering visual arts of all periods, from antiquity to the present day.
• Art in America - since 1913. Illustrated monthly, international magazine concentrating on the contemporary art world in the United States, including profiles of artists and genres, updates about art movements, show reviews and event schedules. It is designed for collectors, artists, art dealers, art professionals and other readers are interested in the art world.
• ART NEWS - "The leading source of art coverage since 1902." It covers art from ancient to contemporary times. It includes news dispatches from correspondents, investigative reports, reviews of exhibitions, and profiles of artists and collectors.
• ART REVIEW - since 1949. Contemporary artists & photography.
• ArtDaily.org - "The First Art Newspaper on the Net."
• ARTFINDING.COM - "Visit the best galleries in the world." Brokerage, information, advising, analysis.
• ARTINFO - "The premier site for news about art and culture around the world."
• Artforum - since 1962. International monthly magazine specializing in contemporary art.
• ARTSLANT - "Contemporary Art Network." Artists, exhibits, galleries and sales room.
• Cahiers d'art - since 1926. French artistic & literary journal. The journal has been noted for the quality of its articles and illustrations which promoted Modern Art in France for over thirty years. Cahiers d'Art carries no advertising and is published on an irregular schedule.
• Der Querschnitt - (The Cross Section) was an art magazine published by the German art dealer Alfred Flechtheim between 1921 and 1936. The magazine was based in Berlin. The magazine 'represented the politically detached aspirations of the aesthetically attuned of the Western world. Lightheartedly snobistish, the magazine;s inclusions of works by anyone who was anybody in the Weimar period and its unorthodox graphic and literary style qualifies it as an avant-garde publication.'
• DESIGNBOOM - "Your first source for architecture, design & art news."
• FLAVORWIRE - "Cultural News and Critique." Network of culturally connected people, covering events, art, books, music, and pop culture the world over. Highbrow, lowbrow, and everything in between: if it's compelling, we're sharing it.
• FMR - since 1964. "The most beautiful magazine in the world." Published six times yearly in Italian, English, German, French and Spanish.
• Garage Magazine - biannual print publication that brings to life the most original and ambitious collaborative projects across contemporary art and fashion. The magazine was launched in 2011 by Editor-in-Chief Dasha Zhukova, taking its name and spirit from Garage Museum of Contemporary Art in Moscow - the groundbreaking international art institution founded in 2008.
• Gazette des Beaux-Arts - (1859-2002). French art review. The Gazette was a world reference work on art history for nearly 100 years.
• Horizon - "A Review of Literature and Art." Was an influential literary magazine published in London, UK, between 1940 and 1949. It was edited by Cyril Connolly, who made it into a platform for a wide range of distinguished and emerging writers.
• HOW TO SPEND IT - ART & COLLECTING - weekly magazine published with the Financial Times Weekend Edition.
• Hyperallergic - since 2009. "Sensitive to Art & its Discontents." Brooklyn-based arts blogazine. Describes itself as a "forum for serious, playful, and radical thinking."
• Juxtapoz - since 1994. "Monthly magazine that covers contemporary artists who deserve crucial attention. These are the artists who push the envelope to redefine originality. They are independent thinkers, they are infinitely creative, and their artwork engages the viewer with complex levels of meaning and aesthetic interest. This art is unpretentious and it is raw."
• L'Esprit nouveau - (1920-1925). Revue consacrée à l'esthétisme contemporain dans toutes ses manifestations architecture, peinture, littérature, fondée par Le Corbusier et Amédée Ozenfant en 1920.
• La Revue Blanche - was a French art and literary magazine run between 1889 and 1903. Some of the greatest writers and artists of the time were its collaborators.
• LA TRIBUNE DE L'ART - "L'actualité de l'Histoire de l'Art Occidental du Moyen-Âge aux Années 30."
• PURPLE MAGAZINE - French fashion, art and culture magazine founded in 1992.
• TERMINARTORS - "The world's largest artist, artwork and museum database!" The first community-based interactive painting gallery in the world. From the medieval era to the most recent trends, you will find tens of thousands of carefully categorized paintings, artists, and museums.
• THE ART NEWSPAPER - since 1983. Reports on old art, new art, decorative art, the commercial and the non-commercial world.
• THE ART TRIBUNE - "The latest news in the History of Western Art from the Middle Ages to the 1930's."
• THE BAER FAXT - "The art industry newsletter." Get information on: appointments, auctions, news, scandals, openings, lawsuits, acquisitions, grant award, censorship, collections, artisits, agents, benefits, events, curators, exhibitions.
• The Burlington Magazine - since 1903. "The world's leading monthly publication devoted to the fine and decorative arts." Monthly academic journal that covers the fine and decorative arts. Established in 1903, it is the longest running art journal in the English language.
• THE Rebel Magazine - independent British art magazine established by artist Harry Pye in 1985. It features interviews, reviews with artists, and parodies of features from other publications.
• TODAY IN ART - since 2007. Art blog.
• WELTHUNST - since 1930. "Die Zeitschrift für Kunst und Antiquitäten."

Artists: A-Z

• 

Living

Departed: A-Z

• 9-Figure Club - work of art sold at auction or private sale for US$100,000,000+.
• 10 best love paintings - The Guardian.
• 15 richest living artists - Complex | Art+Design.
• Abstract expressionism - post–World War II art movement in American painting, developed in New York in the 1940s. It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York City at the center of the western art world, a role formerly filled by Paris.
• Adolf Hitler the artist: 16 Watercolours & drawings sold at auction - The Telegraph.
• Ai Weiwei & Warhol, Together Again - The New York Times.
• ART - Wikipedia.
• Art Quiz: Are You Smarter Than a Billionaire? - The New York Times.
• ART REVIEW
• ARTIST - Wikipedia.
• ARTNET - "The Art World Online." artnet is the place to buy, sell and research fine art online. Our online Gallery Network is the largest of its kind, with over 2,200 galleries in over 250 cities worldwide, more than 166,000 artworks by over 39,000 artists from around the globe.
• ASK ART - "The Artists' Bluebook". Online database containing over 200,000 artists. Instant information. Art. Artists. Prices.
• Assemblage - definition & explanation.
• Banksy unmasked? Scientists use maths & criminology to map artist's identity - The Guardian.
• Barbizon school - part of an art movement towards Realism in art, which arose in the context of the dominant Romantic Movement of the time. The Barbizon school was active roughly from 1830 through 1870.
• Basquiat Sells for ‘Mind-Blowing’ $110.5 Million at Auction - The New York Times.
• Bernard Berenson - (1865-1959). American art historian specializing in the Renaissance. He was a major figure in pioneering art attribution and therefore establishing the market for paintings by the "Old Masters".
• Carrara Marble, Taken to New Dimensions - The New York Times.
• Catalogue raisonnÉ - comprehensive, annotated listing of all the known artworks by an artist either in a particular medium or all media. The works are described in such a way that they may be reliably identified by third parties.
• Chiaroscuro - oil painting technique, developed during the Renaissance, that uses strong tonal contrasts between light and dark to model three-dimensional forms, often to dramatic effect.
• Christo’s Newest Project: Walking on Water - The New York Times.
• Collage - definition & explanation.
• Contrapposto - Italian term that means counterpoise. It is used in the visual arts to describe a human figure standing with most of its weight on one foot so that its shoulders and arms twist off-axis from the hips and legs.
• David Hockney among friends: a triumphant return to portraiture - The Guardian.
• David Hockney, Contrarian, Shifts Perspectives - The New York Times.
• David Hockney interview: 'Your face belongs to other people' - The Telegraph.
• Expressionism - Wikipedia.
• France & Netherlands to jointly buy rare Rembrandts - The Guardian.
• gesamtkunstwerk - definition & explanation.
• Giorgione sparked a revolution in Venetian painting. But who was he? - The Telegraph.
• Giovanni Morelli - (1816-1891). Italian art critic and political figure. As an art historian, he developed the "Morellian" technique of scholarship, identifying the characteristic "hands" of painters through scrutiny of diagnostic minor details that revealed artists' scarcely conscious shorthand and conventions for portraying, for example, ears.
• Golden Ratio / Divine Proportion - in mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities. Some twentieth-century artists and architects, including Le Corbusier and Dalí, have proportioned their works to approximate the golden ratio - especially in the form of the golden rectangle, in which the ratio of the longer side to the shorter is the golden ratio - believing this proportion to be aesthetically pleasing.
• Hidden portrait 'found under Mona Lisa', says French scientist - BBC.
• How we made the Wrapped Reichstag - Christo: ‘It took 24 years and we had to negotiate with six different presidents. Then it only stayed up for two weeks’
• Installation art - Wikipedia.
• Joseph Archer Crowe - (1825-1896). English journalist, consular official and art historian, whose volumes of the History of Painting in Italy, co-written with the Italian critic Giovanni Battista Cavalcaselle (1819–1897), stand at the beginning of disciplined modern art history writing in English, being based on chronologies of individual artists' development and the connoisseurship of identifying artist's individual manners or "hands".
• Leonardo da Vinci Painting Sells for $450.3 Million, Shattering Auction Highs - The New York Times.
• Leonardo Da Vinci's living relatives found: painter, engineer, Oscar nominee - The Guardian.
• List of most expensive paintings - Wikipedia.
• LIST OF PAINTERS BY NATIONALITY - Wikipedia.
• Looking at Edvard Munch, Beyond ‘The Scream’ - The New York Times.
• Looking at van Gogh, 125 Years Later - The New York Times.
• Louvre's missing pyramid & the magic of trompe l’oeil - The Guardian.
• Mannerism - style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, lasting until about 1580 in Italy. Stylistically, Mannerism encompasses a variety of approaches influenced by, and reacting to, the harmonious ideals associated with artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and early Michelangelo. Where High Renaissance art emphasizes proportion, balance, and ideal beauty, Mannerism exaggerates such qualities, often resulting in compositions that are asymmetrical or unnaturally elegant.
• Maquette - (French word for scale model, sometimes referred to by the Italian names plastico or modello) is a small scale model or rough draft of an unfinished sculpture.
• Masterpiece - (or chef d'œuvre) in modern use refers to a creation that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the greatest work of a person's career or to a work of outstanding creativity, skill, or workmanship.
• match the famous paintings to their frames – quiz - The Guardian.
• Maximalism - Wikipedia.
• Memento mori - Wikipedia.
• Minimalism - Wikipedia.
• Mise en abyme - a formal technique in which an image contains a smaller copy of itself, in a sequence appearing to recur infinitely.
• Mona Lisa based on Da Vinci's gay lover, art detective claims - The Telegraph.
• Mona Lisa's Tuscan villa on sale for £16 million - The Telegraph.
• Monotyping - Monotyping is a type of printmaking made by drawing or painting on a smooth, non-absorbent surface. The surface, or matrix, was historically a copper etching plate, but in contemporary work it can vary from zinc or glass to acrylic glass. The image is then transferred onto a sheet of paper by pressing the two together, usually using a printing-press.
• Morellian method - based on clues offered by trifling details rather than identities of composition and subject matter or other broad treatments that are more likely to be seized upon by students, copyists and imitators.
• Mossack Fonseca's role in fight over painting stolen by Nazis - The Guardian.
• Mystery of Van Gogh's ear revealed - Doctor's note shows he severed his ENTIRE lobe – and he sent it to a cleaner, not a prostitute.
• 'New Rembrandt' to be unveiled in Amsterdam - 3D printed painting made by software that distilled the features of a Rembrandt.
• Non-Objective Art - defines a type of abstract art that is usually, but not always, geometric and aims to convey a sense of simplicity and purity.
• Pablo Picasso: women are either goddesses or doormats - The Telegraph.
• Painting factories - list of painting mills.
• Picasso's muses: artist's own collection starring six women he loved on sale for the first time - The Telegraph.
• Polish government buys art collection including a da Vinci for a fraction of its real value - The Telegraph.
• Prince Charles, the multi-million pound artist - The Telegraph.
• Quattrocento - encompasses the artistic styles of the late Middle Ages (most notably International Gothic) and the early Renaissance.
• Rembrandt at Buckland - The original 'selfie' - Buckland Abbey, U.K.
• Rothko case - protracted legal dispute between Kate Rothko, the daughter of the painter Mark Rothko; the painter's estate executors; and the directors of his gallery, Marlborough Fine Art. The revelations in the case of greed, abuses of power and conspiracy by financial interests in the art world were described by the New York Court of Appeals, the highest court of New York state, as "manifestly wrongful and indeed shocking," serving as a cautionary tale for both artists and their gallerists.
• Scientists Discover a Second ‘Mona Lisa Smile’ - Discover.
• Seeing is believing: the trick of the trompe l’oeil in art - Europeana Blog.
• Seeing MirÓ’s Majorca Studio, Just the Way He Kept It - The New York Times.
• Sfumato - one of the four canonical painting modes of Renaissance art (alongside cangiante, chiaroscuro, and unione). Sfumato translated into English means soft, vague or blurred.
• TERMINARTORS - "The world's largest artist, artwork and museum database!" The first community-based interactive painting gallery in the world. From the medieval era to the most recent trends, you will find tens of thousands of carefully categorized paintings, artists, and museums.
• the calm & chaos of an artist's studio – in pictures - The Guardian.
• The government owns £3.5 billion worth of art - but only 3 per cent of it is on display.
• The Mirrors Behind Rembrandt’s Self-Portraits - The New York Times.
• The Most Famous Pop Artist You Don’t Know - The New York Times.
• The secret to painting a portrait of 35 subjects - The Telegraph.
• the true stories behind Modigliani's languorous nudes - The Guardian.
• the truth about Picasso's portrait - The Guardian.
• The whole truth about Van Gogh's ear - The Guardian.
• TOP 30 MOST POPULAR ARTISTS
• Touring Europe in the Footsteps of van Gogh - The New York Times.
• True Blue - "A brief history of ultramarine."
• Van Gogh wasn’t ill, he just had a drink problem, new research suggests - The Telegraph.
• Visual Arts - definition & explanation.
• Was Francis Bacon made in Monaco? - The Telegraph.
• With $170.4 Million Sale at Auction, Modigliani Work Joins Rarefied Nine-Figure Club

Living

• 
• AI WEIWEI - born 1957.
• ALLEN JONES - born 1937.
• Andrey Bartenev - born 1969.
• ANISH KAPOOR - born 1954.
• ANSELM REYLE - born 1970.
• ARNOLDO POMODORO - born 1926.
• BANKSY - born 1974.
• BRICE MARDEN - born 1938.
• CARL ANDRE - born 1935.
• CHEN LI - born 1975.
• CHEN YONG LIANG - born 1983.
• CHEN YU - born 1969.
• CHRIS OFILI - born 1968.
• 
• CHRISTO - born 1935.
• Christoph BÜchel - born 1966.
• CLAES OLDENBURG - born 1929.
• DALE CHIHULY - born 1942.
• DAI DAI - born 1969.
• DAMIEN HIRST - born 1965. Broke in September 2008 the record for a one-artist auction at Sotheby's by raising £111 million.
• DANIEL BUREN - born 1938.
• DAVE WHITE - born 1971.
• 
• DAVID HOCKNEY - born 1937.
• DONALD SULTAN - born 1951.
• EDWARD RUSCHA - born 1937.
• ELIZABETH PEYTON - born 1965.
• EUGENIO MERINO - born 1975.
• FERNANDO BOTERO - born 1932.
• FRANCESCO VEZZOLI - born 1971.
• GARY HUME - born 1962.
• GEORG BASELITZ - born 1938.
• GERARD BYRNE - born 1969.
• GÉrard Garouste - born 1946.
• GERHARD RICHTER - born 1932. The top-selling living artist. Richter broke his own record of the highest auction price achieved by a work of a living artist on May 14, 2013, when his 1968 piece Domplatz, Mailand (Cathedral Square, Milan) was sold for US$37.125 million (£24.4 million) in New York at Sotheby's.
• GILBERT & GEORGE - born 1943 & 1942.
• JAMES ROSENQUIST - born 1933.
• James Turrell - born 1943. American artist primarily concerned with light and space.
• JASPER JOHNS - born 1930.
• 
• JEFF KOONS - born 1955.
• JONATHAN MEESE - born 1970.
• JULIE MEHRETU - born 1970.
• LIU YE - born 1964.
• LUC TUYMANS - born 1958.
• MARC QUINN - born 1964.
• MARCO EVARISTTI - born 1963.
• MAURIZIO CATTELAN - born 1960. Known for his satirical sculptures.
• NATHANIEL MELLORS - born 1974.
• NEO RAUCH - born 1960.
• OLAFUR ELIASSON - born 1967.
• PER KIRKEBY - born 1938.
• 
• Peter Anton - born 1963. American artist and sculptor. His primary subject matter is food with an emphasis on chocolates and other sweets. Often referred to as "Candy Warhol," Anton creates giant realistic sculptures and is best known for his "bigger than life" boxed chocolates.
• Peter Doig - born 1959.
• 
• PIERRE ALECHINSKY - born 1927.
• PIERRE SOULAGES - born 1919.
• RICHARD PRINCE - born 1949.
• ROBERT MANGOLD - born 1937.
• RUDOLF STINGEL - born 1956.
• Ryan Gander - born 1976.
• SHEN HUA - born 1972.
• SHEPARD FAIREY - born 1970.
• SHUAI MEI - born 1969.
• Simon Denny - born 1982.
• SPENCER FINCH - born 1962.
• STEFAN SZCZESNY - born 1951.
• TAKASHI MURAKAMI - born 1962.
• Thomas Zipp - born 1966.
• TOMÁS SARACENO - born 1973.
• Tony Matelli - born 1971.
• TRACEY EMIN - born 1963.
• WALTON FORD - born 1960.
• WANG YI GUANG - born 1962.
• YAYOI KUSAMA - born 1929.
• YU CHEN - born 1963.
• 
• Yue Minjun - born 1962.
• ZENG FANZHI - born 1964.
• ZHANG LIN HAI - born 1963.
• ZHANG XIAOGANG - born 1958.
• ZHOU TIEHAI - born 1967. Aka "the Joe Camel guy."

Departed: A-Z

• 

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- A -

• 
• ADOLPH MENZEL - (1815-1905). German Realist artist noted for drawings, etchings, and paintings. Along with Caspar David Friedrich, he is considered one of the two most prominent German artists of the 19th century.
• Adolphe Joseph Thomas Monticelli - (1824-1886).
• Adriaen Coorte - (ca. 1665 – after 1707).
• Aelbert Cuyp - (1620-1691).
• ALBERT MARQUET - (1875-1947).
• 
• ALBERTO GIACOMETTI - (1901-1966). Most famous work: L'Homme Qui Marche 1 (1961). Sold for £65,001,250 / US$104,327,006 at Sotheby's London to Lily Safra on February 03, 2010. His Pointing Man sold for US$141,285,000 at Christie's, New York on May 11, 2015 - new record for most valuable work of sculpture ever sold at auction.
• Alberto Magnelli - (1888-1971).
• 
• Albrecht Altdorfer - (c. 1480-1538).
• 
• ALBRECHT DÜRER - (1471-1528).
• Alessandro Allori - (1535-1607).
• Alexander Archipenko - (1887-1964).
• ALEXANDER CALDER - (1898-1976).
• ALEXANDER RODCHENKO - (1891-1956).
• Alphonse Mucha - (1860-1939).
• AMEDEO MODIGLIANI - (1884-1920).
• ANDERS ZORN - (1880-1920).
• ANDRÉ DERAIN - (1860-1954).
• AndrÉ Dunoyer de Segonzac - (1884-1974).
• ANDRÉ Masson - (1896-1987).
• Andrea Appiani - (1754-1817).
• Andrea del Castagno - (c. 1421–1457).
• Andrea del Sarto - (1486–1530).
• 
• ANDREA DEL VERROCHIO - (c. 1435-1488).
• ANDREA MANTEGNA - (c. 1431-1506).
• ANDREA POZZO - (1642-1709).
• Andrew Wyeth - (1917-2009).
• 
• ANDY WARHOL - (1928-1987). Self Portrait (1986) sold for US$32,562,500 at Sotheby's (New York) on May 12, 2010.
• Angelica Kauffman - (1741-1807).
• Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson - (1767-1824).
• ANNIBALE CARRACCI - (1560-1609).
• Anselm Feuerbach - (1829-1880).
• Anthony Caro - (1924-2013). English abstract sculptor.
• ANTHONY VAN DYCK - (1599-1641).
• ANTOINE WATTEAU - (1684-1721).
• 
• ANTOINE-JEAN GROS - (1771-1835).
• 
• Anton Graff - (1736-1813).
• Antonello da Messina - (c. 1430-1479).
• ANTONI TÀPIES - (1923-2012).
• 
• ANTONIO CANOVA - (1757-1822).
• Antonio del Pollaiolo - (1429/1433–1498).
• Aristide Maillol - (1861-1944).
• Arno Breker - (1900-1991). German sculptor who is best known for his public works in Nazi Germany, where they were endorsed by the authorities as the antithesis of degenerate art.
• Arnold BÖcklin - (1827-1901).
• Artemisia Gentileschi - (1593 – c. 1656). the woman who took revenge in oil - The Guardian.
• ASGER JORN - (1914-1973).
• Aubrey Beardsley - (1872-1898).
• 
• AUGUSTE RODIN - (1840-1917). Rodin worked throughout his life on The Gates of Hell, a monumental sculptural group depicting scenes from Dante's Inferno in high relief and contains 180 figures among these the famous The Thinker representing philosophy.
• Augustus John - (1878-1961).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- B -

• BALTHUS - (1908-2001).
• 
• BARNETT NEWMAN - (1905-1970).
• BARTOLOMÉ ESTEBAN MURILLO - (1617-1682).
• Battistello Caracciolo - (1578-1635).
• BÉla CzÓbel - (1883-1976).
• Belisario Corenzio - (c. 1558–1643).
• BENJAMIN WEST - (1738-1820).
• Benozzo Gozzoli - (c. 1421-1497).
• 
• BERNARD BUFFET - (1928-1999).
• Bernardo Bellotto - (1721-1780).
• BERTHE MORISOT - (1841-1895).
• Bonaventura Berlinghieri - (c. 1210 - c. 1274)
• BRONZINO - (1503-1572).
• Byam Shaw - (1872-1919).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- C -

• CAMILLE PISSARRO - (1830-1903).
• 
• CANALETTO - (1697-1768).
• CARAVAGGIO - (1571-1610).
• Carl Bloch - (1834-1980).
• Carl Spitzweg - (1808-1885).
• Carolus-Duran - (1837-1917). French painter and art instructor. He is noted for his stylish depictions of members of high society in Third Republic France.
• Caspar David Friedrich - (1774-1840). 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important German artist of his generation.
• Chaim Soutine - (1893-1943).
• CHARLES LE BRUN - (1619-1690).
• Charles Marion Russell - (1864-1926).
• Charles Sheeler - (1883-1965).
• 
• Christoffer Wilhelm Eckersberg - (1783-1853).
• CIMABUE - (before 1251–1302).
• Claude Joseph Vernet - (1714-1789).
• CLAUDE LORRAIN - (c. 1600-1682).
• 
• CLAUDE MONET - (1840-1926). Le Bassin aux Nymphéas (from the water lilies series) sold at Christie's 24 June 2008, lot 19, for £36,500,000 ($71,892,376.34) (hammer price) or £40,921,250 ($80,451,178) with fees, setting a new auction record for the artist.
• Clyfford Still - (1949-1980).
• 
• CONSTANTIN BRÂNCUŞI - (1876-1957). Romanian sculptor, painter and photographer who made his career in France. Considered a pioneer of modernism, one of the most influential sculptors of the 20th-century, Brâncuşi is called the patriarch of modern sculpture.
• CORREGGIO - (1489-1534).
• Cy Twombly - (1928-2011).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- D -

• DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI - (1828-1882).
• David Wilkie - (1785-1841).
• 
• DIEGO RIVERA - (1886-1957).
• 
• DIEGO VELÁZQUEZ - (1599-1660).
• Domenichino - (1581-1641).
• Domenico Ghirlandaio - (1449-1494).
• Domenico Veneziano - (c. 1410-1461).
• DONATELLO - (1386-1466).
• Duane Hanson - (1925-1996).
• Duccio di Buoninsegna - (c. 1255-1260 – c. 1318-1319).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- E -

• EDGAR DEGAS - (1834-1917).
• 
• ÉDOUARD MANET - (1832-1883). His early masterwork Le déjeuner sur l'herbe (1862-1863) was the 19th century's most controversial artwork.
• ÉDOUARD VUILLARD - (1868-1940).
• Eduard von GrÜtzner - (1826-1925).
• EDUARDO CHILLIDA - (1924-2002).
• 
• EDVARD MUNCH - (1863-1944). Most famous work: The Scream (4th version) (1895). The second most expensive artwork sold at auction on Wednesday, May 2, 2012 to U.S. billionaire Leon Black for US$119,922,500 (by Sotheby's).
• EDWARD BAWDEN - (1903-1989).
• 
• EDWARD HOPPER - (1882-1967). Most famous work: Nighthawks (1942).
• EGON SCHIELE - (1890-1918).
• EL GRECO - (1541-1614).
• 
• El Lissitzky - (1890-1941).
• Elias Gottlob Haussmann - (1695-1774).
• Emanuel Leutze - (1816-1868).
• EMIL NOLDE - (1867-1956).
• Émile Bernard - (1868-1941).
• Émile GallÉ - (1846-1904). French artist who worked in glass, and is considered to be one of the major forces in the French Art Nouveau movement.
• Ernst Barlach - (1870-1938).
• Ernst Ludwig Kirchner - (1880-1938).
• EUGÈNE BOCH - (1855-1941).
• EUGÈNE BOUDIN - (1824-1898).
• EUGÈNE DELACROIX - (1798-1863).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- F -

• 
• Felix de Weldon - (1907-2003).
• FÉlix Vallotton - (1865-1925).
• FERNAND CORMON - (1845-1924).
• 
• FERNAND LÉGER - (1881-1955).
• Filippo Brunelleschi - (1377-1446).
• Filippo Lippi - (c. 1406-1469).
• FRA ANGELICO - (c. 1395-1455).
• Francesco Ladatte - (1706-1787).
• Francesco Laurana - (c. 1430 – c. 1502).
• 
• FRANCIS BACON - (1909-1992). The most expensive work of art ever sold at auction for US$142.4 million at Christie's in New York on November 12, 2013.
• FRANCIS NEWTON SOUZA - (1924-2002).
• 
• FRANCIS PICABIA - (1879-1953).
• Francisco de ZurbarÁn - (1598-1664).
• 
• Francesco Bacchiacca - (1494-1557).
• 
• FRANCISCO GOYA - (1746-1828).
• Francisco Herrera the Younger - (1622-1685).
• FRANCISCO PACHECO - (1564-1644).
• FranÇois Clouet - (c. 1510-1572).
• FranÇois GÉrard - (1770-1837).
• FRANS HALS - (c. 1580–1666).
• FrantiŠek Kupka - (1871-1957).
• Franz Kline - (1910-1962).
• Franz Xaver Karl Palko - (1724-1767).
• 
• Franz Xaver Messerschmidt - (1736-1783).
• 
• FrÉdÉric Auguste Bartholdi - (1834-1904). Best known for designing the Statue of Liberty.
• Frederic Remington - (1861-1909).
• FRIDA KAHLO - (1907-1954).
• Friedensreich Hundertwasser - (1928-2000).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- G -

• Gabriel FranÇois Doyen - (1726-1806).
• 
• George Bellows - (1882-1925). "The most acclaimed American artist of his generation".
• GEORGE GROSZ - (1893-1959).
• GEORGE STUBBS - (1724-1806). English painter, best known for his paintings of horses.
• GEORGE W. JOY - (1844-1925).
• 
• GEORGES BRAQUE - (1882-1963).
• Georges Rouault - (1871-1958).
• GEORGES SEURAT - (1859-1891).
• Georgia O'Keeffe - (1887-1986)
• GERARD TER BORCH - (1617-1681).
• 
• Gerald Murphy - (1888-1964).
• Gerard van Honthorst - (1592-1656).
• Gian Lorenzo Bernini - (1598-1680).
• 
• Giorgio de Chirico - (1888-1978).
• Giorgio Vasari - (30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574). Italian painter, writer, historian, and architect, who is famous today for his biographies of Renaissance artists, considered the ideological foundation of art-historical writing.
• 
• GIORGIONE - (c. 1477/8–1510). Italian painter of the High Renaissance in Venice. Only about six surviving paintings are acknowledged for certain to be his work.
• GIOTTO DI BONDONE - (c. 1267–1337).
• Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio - (1466/67–1516).
• Giovanni Battista Salvi da Sassoferrato - (1609-1685).
• GIOVANNI BELLINI - (c. 1430–1516).
• 
• Giovanni Boldini - (1842-1931). Italian genre and portrait painter. According to a 1933 article in Time magazine, he was known as the "Master of Swish" because of his flowing style of painting. It is for his portraits that he became best known.
• Giovanni Diodati - (1576-1649).
• GIOVANNI PAOLO PANNINI - (1691-1755).
• GIOVANNI BATTISTA TIEPOLO - (1696-1770).
• Govert Flinck - (1615-1660).
• 
• Graham Sutherland - (1903-1980).
• Guglielmo Caccia - (1568-1625).
• Guido Cagnacci - (1601-1663).
• GUIDO RENI - (1575-1642).
• 
• GUSTAV KLIMT - (1862-1918).
• Gustave Courbet - (1819-1877).
• GUSTAVE MOREAU - (1826-1898).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- H -

• HANNAH HÖCH - (1889-1978).
• 
• Hans Burgkmair - (1473-1531).
• 
• HANS HOLBEIN - (c. 1498-1543).
• 
• Hans Makart - (1840-1884). 19th-century Austrian academic history painter, designer, and decorator; most well known for his influence on Gustav Klimt and other Austrian artists, but in his own era considered an important artist himself and a celebrity figure in the high culture of Vienna, attended with almost cult-like adulation.
• Hans Memling - (c. 1430–1494).
• HANS RICHTER - (1888-1976).
• Heinrich Campendonk - (1889-1957).
• Hendrick van Anthonissen - (1605-1656).
• HENRI DE TOULOUSE-LAUTREC - (1864-1901).
• 
• HENRI MATISSE - (1869-1954). Bronze Nu de Dos, 4 état (Back IV) sold on November 3, 2010 for a record US$48,802,500 at Christie's. Conceived circa 1930 and cast in 1978.
• Henri Manguin - (1874-1949).
• HENRI ROUSSEAU - (1844-1910).
• HENRY MOORE - (1898-1986).
• Henry Payne - (1868-1940).
• HOKUSAI - (1760-1849). Japanese artist, ukiyo-e painter and printmaker of the Edo period.
• HONORÉ DAUMIER - (1808-1879).
• 
• HYACINTHE RIGAUD - (1659-1743). Renowned for his portrait paintings of Louis XIV.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- I -

• Ignacio Zuloaga - (1870-1945).
• 
• ISAAC OLIVER - (c. 1565-1617).
• ISAMU NOGUCHI - (1904-1988).
• Ivan Aivazovsky - (1817-1900).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- J -

• J. M. W. TURNER - (1775-1851).
• Jack Butler Yeats - (1871-1957).
• 
• JACKSON POLLACK - (1912-1956).
• Jacob Jordaens - (1593-1678).
• Jacopo Bassano - (1510-1592).
• JACQUES CALLOT - (c. 1592-1632).
• Jacques de Claeuw - (1623-1694).
• Jacques de Lajoue - (1687-1761).
• Jacques Lipchitz - (1891-1973).
• 
• JACQUES-LOUIS DAVID - (1748-1825).
• 
• Jacques Saly - (1717-1776). French-born sculptor who worked in France, Denmark, Italy & Malta.
• 
• JAMES ENSOR - (1860-1949).
• James Thornhill - (1675/1676-1734).
• 
• James Tissot - (1836-1902). French painter and illustrator. He was a successful painter of Paris society before moving to London in 1871. He became famous as a genre painter of fashionably dressed women shown in various scenes of everyday life.
• 
• JAMES WHISTLER - (1834-1903). His most famous painting is the iconic Whistler's Mother (1871), the revered and oft parodied portrait of motherhood.
• JAN BRUEGHEL THE ELDER - (1568-1625).
• JAN BRUEGHEL THE YOUNGER - (1601-1678).
• JAN MABUSE - (c. 1478–1532).
• JAN STEEN - (c. 1626-1679).
• Jan van Goyen - (1596-1656).
• 
• JAN VAN EYCK - (c. 1395-1441). Most famous works: Ghent Altarpiece (completed 1432), Arnolfini Portrait (1434) and Annunciation (1434-1436).
• Jean Arp - (1886-1966).
• JEAN AUGUSTE DOMINIQUE INGRES - (1780-1867).
• Jean-Baptiste-SimÉon Chardin - (1699-1779).
• JEAN-BAPTISTE-CAMILLE COROT - (1796-1875).
• Jean Charles Cazin - (1840-1901).
• Jean Clouet - (1480–1541).
• JEAN COCTEAU - (1889-1963).
• Jean Dewasne - (1921-1999).
• Jean Fouquet - (1420-1481). The apparent inventor of the portrait miniature.
• Jean-Jacques Deyrolle - (1911-1967).
• Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier - (1815-1891).
• Jean-Marc Nattier - (1685-1766).
• 
• JEAN-MICHEL BASQUIAT - (1960-1988).
• Jean Puy - (1876-1960).
• Jean-Victor Bertin - (1757-1842).
• Jehan Georges Vibert - (1840-1902).
• 
• JOAN MIRÓ - (1893-1983).
• John Byam Liston Shaw - (1872-1919).
• JOHN CONSTABLE - (1776-1837).
• JOHN EVERETT MILLAIS - (1829-1896).
• JOHN HEARTFIELD - (1891-1968).
• JOHN JAMES AUDUBON - (1785-1851).
• John La Farge - (1835-1910).
• John Lavery - (1856-1941).
• JOHN RUSKIN - (1819-1900).
• JOHN SINGER SARGENT - (1856-1925).
• John Singleton Copley - (1738-1815).
• John William Inchbold - (1830-1888).
• 
• JOHANNES VERMEER - (1632-1675). Most famous painting: The Art of Painting (c. 1666). It is the largest and most complex of all of Vermeer's works.
• Joos van Cleve - (1c. 1485 – 1540/1541).
• JOSEF ALBERS - (1888-1976).
• Joseph-BenoÎt SuvÉe - (1743-1807).
• JOSEPH BEUYS - (1921-1986).
• JOSEPH WRIGHT - (1734-1797).
• JOSHUA REYNOLDS - (1723-1792).
• Juan de ValdÉs Leal - (1622-1690).
• Juan Gris - (1887-1927).
• JUSEPE DE RIBERA - (1591-1652).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- K -

• KAREL APPEL - (1921-2006).
• 
• KAREL VAN MANDER - (1548-1606).
• Karl Jauslin - (1842-1904).
• Karl Schmidt-Rottluff - (1884-1976).
• 
• KAZIMIR MALEVICH - (1879-1935). Russian painter and art theoretician. He was a pioneer of geometric abstract art and the originator of the avant-garde, Suprematist movement.
• Kees van Dongen - (1877-1968).
• KEITH HARING - (1958-1990).
• 
• Kurt Schwitters - (1887-1948).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- L -

• 
• LASCAUX CAVE PAINTINGS - (estimated to be 17,300 years old).
• LAURENT DE LA HYRE - (1606-1656).
• LÁszlÓ Moholy-Nagy - (1895-1946).
• 
• Laurits Tuxen - (1853-1927). Danish painter and sculptor specialising in figure painting. He was also associated with the Skagen Painters.
• 
• LEONARDO DA VINCI - (1452-1519). His portrait Mona Lisa (c. 1503-1506) is considered the most famous and iconic painting in the world. His mural The Last Supper (1495-1498) in Milan's monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie the world's second most important painting.
• LORENZO DI CREDI - (c. 1459-1537).
• LORENZO GHIBERTI - (1378-1455).
• LORENZO LOTTO - (c. 1480 – 1556/57).
• Louis Valtat - (1869-1952).
• Louis-FranÇois Lejeune - (1775-1848).
• 
• L. S. Lowry - (1887-1976).
• LUCAS CRANACH THE ELDER - (1472-1553).
• LUCAS CRANACH THE YOUNGER - (1515-1586).
• LUCIAN FREUD - (1922-2011).
• LUCIO FONTANA - (1899-1968).
• Lyonel Feininger - (1871-1956).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- M -

• 
• MAN RAY - (1890-1976).
• MARC CHAGALL - (1887-1985).
• 
• 
• MARCEL DUCHAMP - (1887-1968).
• Margaritone d'Arezzo - (c. 1250–1290).
• MariÀ Fortuny - (1838-1874).
• Marie Laurencin - (1883-1956).
• MARINO MARINI - (1901-1980).
• 
• MARK LOMBARDI - (1951-2000). American neo-conceptual artist who specialized in drawings that document alleged financial and political frauds by power brokers, and in general "the uses and abuses of power".
• MARK ROTHKO - (1903-1970).
• MARTIN KLIPPENBERGER - (1953-1997).
• MARY CASSATT - (1844-1926).
• 
• Masaccio - (1401-1428).
• MASSIMO CAMPIGLI - (1895-1971).
• MASTER HUGO - (fl. c.1130-c.1150).
• MATHIAS KAUAGE - (1944-2003).
• MATHURIN MÉHEUT - (1882-1958).
• 
• MATTHIAS GRÜNEWALD - (c. 1470-1528). Most famous work: Isenheim Altarpiece (1506-1515).
• Maurice de Vlaminck - (1876-1958).
• Maurice Denis - (1870-1943).
• Maurice Utrillo - (1883-1955).
• Max Beckmann - (1884-1950).
• 
• MAX ERNST - (1891-1976).
• Max Liebermann - (1847-1935).
• Max Oppenheimer - (1885-1954).
• MAX PECHSTEIN - (1881-1955).
• Maxfield Parrish - (1870-1966).
• 
• Michael Ancher - (1849-1927). Danish realist artist. He is remembered above all for his paintings of fishermen and other scenes from the Danish fishing community in Skagen.
• 
• MICHELANGELO - (1475-1564). His painting on the Sixtine Chapel ceiling (1508-1512) is considered the third most important painting in the world.
• Michele Felice CornÈ - (1752-1845).
• MihÁly MunkÁcsy - (1844-1900).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- N -

• NICHOLAS HILLIARD - (c. 1547-1619).
• 
• NICOLAS POUSSIN - (1594-1665).
• NICOLAS TOURNIER - (1590-1639).
• Norman Rockwell - (1894-1978).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- O -

• Oskar Kokoschka - (1886-1980).
• 
• OSKAR SCHLEMMER - (1888-1943).
• Ossip Zadkine - (1890-1967).
• OTTO DIX - (1891-1969).
• Otto Freundlich - (1878-1943).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- P -

• 
• PABLO PICASSO - (1881-1973). World's most expensive Picasso painting - and the world's most expensive piece of art ever sold - Les femmes d’Alger, Version O (1955) sold by Christie's, New York on May 11, 2015 for US$179,365,000.
• PALMA VECCHIO - (c. 1480-1528).
• 
• PAOLO UCCELLO - (1397-1475).
• PAOLO VERONESE - (1528-1588).
• Paris Bordone - (1500-1571).
• 
• Patrick Caulfield - (1936-2005).
• 
• PAUL CÉZANNE - (1839-1906). His painting of 1892, The Card Players, was reportedly sold for £160 million (over $250 million) to the ruling family of Qatar in a private sale in 2011, making it the most expensive piece of artwork ever sold.
• PAUL DELVAUX - (1897-1994).
• 
• PAUL GAUGUIN - (1848-1903). Paul Gauguin Painting Sells for Record $300 Million to Qatar Museums in Private Sale.
• PAUL KLEE - (1879-1940).
• PAUL NASH - (1889-1946).
• PAUL SIGNAC - (1863-1935).
• Paula Modersohn-Becker - (1876-1907).
• 
• Paulus Potter - (1625-1654). Dutch painter who specialized in animals within landscapes, usually with a low vantage point.
• 
• PEDER SEVERIN KRØYER - (1851-1901). Danish painter. He is one of the best known and beloved, and the most colorful of the Skagen Painters.
• PETER LELY - (1618-1680).
• PETER PAUL RUBENS - (1577-1640).
• PHIDIAS - (c. 480 BC – 430 BC).
• PHILIPPE DE CHAMPAIGNE - (1602-1674).
• 
• PIERO DELLA FRANCESCA - (1415-1492).
• Piero di Cosimo - (1462-1522).
• 
• PIERO MANZONI - (1933-1963). Famous for his Artist's shit (1961) cans made in a limited edition of 99 in 1961.
• Pierre-Antoine Mongin - (1761-1827).
• PIERRE BONNARD - (1867-1947).
• Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes - (1750-1819).
• PIET MONDRIAN - (1872-1944).
• PIETER BRUEGEL THE ELDER - (c. 1525-1569).
• Pieter de Hooch - (1629-1684).
• Pieter Jansz van Asch - (1603-1678).
• 
• Pieter Saenredam - (1597-1665). Painter of the Dutch Golden Age, known for his distinctive paintings of whitewashed church interiors.
• Pietro Cavallini - (1259 – c. 1330).
• Pietro da Cortona - (1596/97-1669).
• Pietro Longhi - (c. 1701/1702–1785).
• PIETRO PERUGINO - (c. 1446/1450–1523).
• PISANELLO - (c. 1395 – probably 1455).
• Pontormo - (1494-1557).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- Q -

• QI BAISHI - (1864-1957).
• Quentin Matsys - (1466-1529).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- R -

• RAOUL DUFY - (1877-1953).
• 
• RAPHAEL - (1483-1520).
• 
• REMBRANDT - (1606-1669). His painting The Night Watch (1642) is considered the world's fourth most important painting.
• 
• 
• RENÉ MAGRITTE - (1898-1967).
• Richard Diebenkorn - (1922-1993).
• RICHARD PARKES BONINGTON - (1802-1828).
• ROBERT CAMPIN - (c. 1375-1444).
• Robert Delaunay - (1885-1941).
• Robert Motherwell - (1915-1991).
• ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG - (1925-2008).
• Robert Smithson - (1938-1973).
• Roger Fry - (1866-1934).
• 
• Rogier van der Weyden - (1399/1400-1464).
• Rosa Bonheur - (1822-1899).
• ROY LICHTENSTEIN - (1923-1997).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- S -

• 
• SALVADOR DALÍ - (1904-1989).
• Samuel Palmer - (1805-1881).
• 
• SANDRO BOTTICELLI - (c. 1445-1510).
• Sassoferrato - (1609-1685).
• Sebastiano Ricci - (1659-1734).
• Serge Poliakoff - (1906-1969).
• SOL LEWITT - (1928-2007).
• Stefano di Giovanni - (c. 1392–1450 or 1451).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- T -

• Tadeusz Styka - (1889-1954).
• ThÉodore GÉricault - (1791-1824).
• Thomas Eakins - (1844-1916).
• 
• THOMAS GAINSBOROUGH - (1727-1788).
• Thomas Hill - (1829-1908).
• THOMAS KINKADE - (1958-2012).
• 
• THOMAS LAWRENCE - (1769-1830). Leading English portrait painter.
• 
• Tilman Riemenschneider - (c. 1460-1531).
• TINTORETTO | JACOPO COMIN - (1518-1594).
• 
• TITIAN - (c. 1488/1490-1576).
• TOM WESSELMANN - (1931-2004).
• Tsuguharu Foujita - (1886-1968).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- U -

• Utagawa Kuniyoshi - (1798-1851). One of the last great masters of the Japanese ukiyo-e style of woodblock prints and painting. The range of Kuniyoshi's subjects included many genres: landscapes, beautiful women, Kabuki actors, cats, and mythical animals. He is known for depictions of the battles of legendary samurai heroes.
• 
• Utamaro - (c. 1753–1806). Japanese artist. He is one of the most highly regarded designers of ukiyo-e woodblock prints and paintings, and is best known for his Bijin-ga ōkubi-e 'large-headed pictures of beautiful women' of the 1790s.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- V -

• VASILY POLENOV - (1844-1927).
• 
• Vermeer - (1632-1675).
• Victor Vasarely - (1906-1997).
• 
• VINCENT VAN GOGH - (1853-1890).
• 
• VITTORE CARPACCIO - (c. 1460-1525/1526). Venetian painter of the Venetian school, who studied under Gentile Bellini. He is best known for a cycle of nine paintings, The Legend of Saint Ursula.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- W -

• Walter Sickert - (1860-1942).
• Wang Meng - (c. 1308 – 1385).
• 
• WASSILY KANDINSKY - (1866-1944).
• WENZEL HOLLAR - (1607-1677).
• Wifredo Lam - (1902-1982).
• WILHELM HAMMERSHØI - (1864-1916).
• WILLEM DE KOONING - (1904-1997).
• Willem van de Velde the Younger - (1633-1707).
• William Baziotes - (1912-1963).
• William-Adolphe Bouguereau - (1825-1905).
• WILLIAM DOBSON - (1611-1646).
• 
• WILLIAM HODGES - (1744-1797).
• WILLIAM HOGARTH - (1697-1764).
• WILLIAM HOLMAN HUNT - (1827-1910).
• WILLIAM MERRITT CHASE - (1849-1916).
• William Orpen - (1878-1931).
• 
• WILLIAM PAYNE - (1760-1830). Invented the tint Payne's grey.
• WINSLOW HOMER - (1836-1910).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- X -

• XU BEIHONG - (1895-1953).

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

- Y -

• YVES KLEIN - (1928-1962).